The agricultural production of olives, rapeseed, tomatoes and citrus fruits within Europe is significant, resulting in a considerable amount of residual material. Rapeseed contains a high proportion of protein but the presence of anti-nutritional components, including glucosinolates, limits its use in food and feed applications. In contrast, the protein quantities associated with the other crop residues are much lower, although each of the residues could be separated into different constitutive parts where some have shown higher protein contents. A variety of different enzymatic based approaches to deconstruct crop residues have shown to be effective in increasing the yields of protein recovered. These studies show that valorisation of selected crop components could form the basis of a crop biorefinery process to capture proteins and other potentially useful compounds.

在欧洲，橄榄，油菜籽，西红柿和柑桔类水果的农业生产非常重要，导致大量残留物。油菜籽中蛋白质含量很高，但是抗营养成分（包括芥子油苷）的存在限制了其在食品和饲料中的应用。相反，与其他农作物残基相关的蛋白质数量要低得多，尽管每个残基都可以分为不同的组成部分，其中一些蛋白质含量较高。多种不同的基于酶的解构农作物残基的方法已显示出可有效提高回收蛋白质的产量。