Stroke, as a devastating disease of huge and increasing medical and socio-economic significance, can be called a disease of the 21st century. Almost unheard of as a public health problem before the 19th century and the first three quarters of the 20th century, it is now the second leading cause of death and disability worldwide. From 2005 onwards (Figure 1), stroke prevalence has been increasing exponentially and we now have over 104 million people in the world living with stroke aftermath. The resulting disability-adjusted life-years lost have already reached 132 million, which is more than that from lung, breast, cervical, colon/rectum, stomach, and liver cancers combined. If the current trend continues, by 2030 we will have over 154 million stroke survivors and almost 10 million people dying from stroke every year. Moreover, with over 60% of stroke burden occurring in people younger than 70 years, stroke is no longer a disease of the elderly, and we are witnessing an ominous trend towards increasing stroke incidence and mortality rates in young adults and children in many countries.

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Figure 1. Age-standardized stroke prevalence per 100,000 people.Source: IHME, GBD Compare, Viz Hub https://collab2017.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/

中文翻译：

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减轻中风负担：机会和机制

中风作为具有巨大且日益增长的医学和社会经济意义的毁灭性疾病，可以称为21世纪的疾病。在19世纪之前和20世纪前四分之三之前，这几乎是闻所未闻的公共卫生问题，现在它已成为全球第二大死亡和致残因素。从2005年开始（图1），中风患病率呈指数级增长，现在我们全球有超过1.04亿人患有中风后果。由此导致的残疾调整生命年损失已经达到1.32亿，超过了肺癌，乳腺癌，宫颈癌，结肠/直肠癌，胃癌和肝癌的总和。如果当前的趋势继续下去，到2030年，我们将有超过1.54亿中风幸存者，每年将有近1000万人死于中风。此外，由于中风负担超过60％发生在70岁以下的年轻人中，中风不再是老年人的疾病，而且我们看到许多国家的年轻人和儿童中风发病率和死亡率呈上升趋势，这是一个不祥的趋势。

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图1.每100,000人的年龄标准化卒中患病率。资料来源：IHME，GBD比较，Viz Hub https://collab2017.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/