Identifying approaches for treating neurodegeneration is a thorny task but is important for a growing number of patients. Researchers have focused on discovering the underlying molecular mechanisms of reprogramming and optimizing the technologies for acquiring neurons. Direct conversion is one of the most important processes for treating neurological disorders. Induced neurons derived from direct conversion, which bypass the pluripotency stage, are more effective, more quickly obtained, and are safer than those produced via induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Based on iPSC strategies, scientists have derived methods to obtain functional neurons by direct conversion, such as neuron-related transcriptional factors, small molecules, microRNAs, and epigenetic modifiers. In this review, we discuss the present strategies for direct conversion of somatic cells into functional neurons and the potentials of direct conversion for producing functional neurons and treating neurodegeneration.

确定治疗神经退行性疾病的方法是一项艰巨的任务，但对越来越多的患者而言很重要。研究人员专注于发现重新编程和优化获取神经元技术的潜在分子机制。直接转化是治疗神经系统疾病的最重要过程之一。与通过诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）产生的神经元相比，直接转化衍生的诱导神经元绕过了多能性阶段，更有效，更快速地获得并且更安全。基于iPSC策略，科学家们已经找到了通过直接转换获得功能神经元的方法，例如神经元相关的转录因子，小分子，microRNA和表观遗传修饰子。在这篇评论中，