Although many fungi are known to be able to perform bioweathering of rocks and minerals, little information is available concerning the role of basidiomycetes in this process. The wood‐rotting basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune was investigated for its ability to degrade black slate, a rock rich in organic carbon. Mechanical pressure of hyphae and extracellular polymeric substances was investigated for biophysical weathering. A mixed ß1‐3/ß1‐6 glucan, likely schizophyllan that is well known from S. commune, could be identified on black slate surfaces. Secretion of siderophores and organic acids as biochemical weathering agents was shown. Both may contribute to biochemical weathering in addition to enzymatic functions. Previously, the exoenzyme laccase was believed to attack organic the matter within the black slate, thereby releasing metals from the rock. Here, overexpression of laccase showed enhanced dissolution of quartz phases by etching and pitting. At the same time, the formation of a new secondary mineral phase, whewellite, could be demonstrated. Hence, a more comprehensive understanding of biophysical as well as biochemical weathering by S. commune could be reached and unexpected mechanisms like quartz dissolution linked to shale degradation.

中文翻译：

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有机酸，铁载体，酶和机械压力用于担子菌Schizophyllum com进行黑板岩生物风化

尽管已知许多真菌能够对岩石和矿物进行生物风化，但有关担子菌在此过程中的作用的信息很少。对腐烂的担子菌Schizophyllum社进行了研究，证明其具有降解黑色板岩（一种富含有机碳的岩石）的能力。菌丝和细胞外聚合物质的机械压力进行了生物物理风化研究。混合的ß1-3/ß1-6葡聚糖，可能是裂殖酵母，在S中是众所周知的。公社可以在黑色板岩表面上识别。显示出铁载体和有机酸作为生化耐候剂的分泌。除酶功能外，两者均可能有助于生化风化。以前，外酶漆酶被认为会侵蚀黑板岩中的有机物，从而从岩石中释放出金属。在这里，漆酶的过表达显示出通过蚀刻和点蚀增强了石英相的溶解。同时，可以证明形成了新的次生矿物相，即辉绿岩。因此，对S的生物物理和生化风化具有更全面的了解。可以达到公社，意想不到的机制如石英溶解与页岩降解有关。