Adipogenesis is a developmental process in which an elongated preadipocyte differentiates to a round adipocyte along with the accumulation of lipid droplets. In the present study, we focus on the study of cell motility at the single-cell level, toward expanding our knowledge regarding the cytoskeleton alteration during differentiation; since-cell motility is mediated by cytoskeletal components. We used the holographic-microscopy live imaging technique to evaluate, for the first time in the literature, differences between the motility of nondifferentiated preadipocytes and differentiated mature adipocytes in living cell cultures over time. We revealed that mean motility speed of preadipocytes was significantly higher (fourfold) than that of adipocytes, and that the movement of preadipocytes is less consistent and more extensive. Furthermore, we found that preadipocytes tend to migrate to farther distances, while mature adipocytes remain relatively close to their original location. The results presented here are in agreement with the fact that the cytoskeleton of adipocytes is altered during differentiation and similarly, points to the fact that the cell-sensing mechanisms are changing during differentiation. Our research paves the way to gain better insights of the differentiation process and its implications on larger scale systems in the context of obesity.

中文翻译：

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脂肪细胞迁移通过分化改变

脂肪生成是一个发育过程，其中细长的前脂肪细胞随着脂滴的积累而分化为圆形脂肪细胞。在本研究中，我们专注于单细胞水平的细胞运动研究，以扩大我们对分化过程中细胞骨架改变的认识；因为细胞运动是由细胞骨架成分介导的。我们使用全息显微镜实时成像技术在文献中首次评估活细胞培养物中未分化前脂肪细胞和分化成熟脂肪细胞的运动性之间的差异。我们发现前脂肪细胞的平均运动速度显着高于（四倍）脂肪细胞，并且前脂肪细胞的运动不太一致且更广泛。此外，我们发现前脂肪细胞倾向于迁移到更远的距离，而成熟的脂肪细胞仍然相对靠近它们的原始位置。这里提供的结果与脂肪细胞的细胞骨架在分化过程中发生改变的事实一致，并且同样指出细胞传感机制在分化过程中发生变化的事实。我们的研究为更好地了解分化过程及其对肥胖背景下更大规模系统的影响铺平了道路。指出细胞感应机制在分化过程中发生变化的事实。我们的研究为更好地了解分化过程及其对肥胖背景下更大规模系统的影响铺平了道路。指出细胞感应机制在分化过程中发生变化的事实。我们的研究为更好地了解分化过程及其对肥胖背景下更大规模系统的影响铺平了道路。