Stereoregular fused thiophenes (SFTs: especially thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (TT) and dithieo[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene (DTT)), as stable conjugated structures deriving from thiophene ring enlargement, possess outstanding properties and special configuration, such as the superior carrier transfer efficiency and a high degree backbone of planarity. In comparison to stand-alone SFTs structures, oligomers and polymers containing different heteroaromatic units have been much widely researched and used in many fields. In decade, several important reviews have summarized the broad field of fused thiophenes including SFTs, and their synthesis and optoelectronic applications. Here, we critically present the structure–performance relationships and application of oligomers and polymers containing SFTs (exhibiting thiophene ring number from 2 to 7) units. First, the basic structures and properties of SFTs are briefly stated. Then, oligomers classified by extra conjugated heterocyclic attachments are carefully discussed, focusing on the structure–performance relationships for their optoelectronic applications including organic photovoltaic cells and organic field-effect transistors. Moreover, such relationships in polymers have been applied in much wider fields such as organic light-emitting diodes, electrochromic devices, thermoelectric devices, and supercapacitors are discussed. Finally, a summary and prospect are given. Through this review, instruction for molecular design and novel ideas for the future development of SFTs-contained are provided.

立体球融合的噻吩（SFT：尤其是噻吩并[3,2- b ]噻吩（TT）和双硫并[3,2- b：2'，3'- d噻吩（DTT））是源自噻吩环扩大的稳定共轭结构，具有出色的性能和特殊的结构，例如优异的载流子传输效率和高度的平面度骨架。与独立的SFTs结构相比，含有不同杂芳族单元的低聚物和聚合物已被广泛研究并用于许多领域。十年来，几项重要的综述总结了包括SFT在内的熔融噻吩的广阔领域，及其合成和光电应用。在这里，我们批判性地介绍了含有SFT（表现为2至7的噻吩环数）单元的低聚物和聚合物的结构与性能之间的关系以及应用。首先，简要介绍了SFT的基本结构和性能。然后，仔细讨论了按额外共轭杂环连接分类的低聚物，重点研究了其光电应用（包括有机光伏电池和有机场效应晶体管）的结构与性能之间的关系。而且，在聚合物中的这种关系已经在更广泛的领域中应用，例如讨论了有机发光二极管，电致变色器件，热电器件和超级电容器。最后，给出了总结和展望。通过这次审查，提供了分子设计的指导，并为包含SFT的未来发展提供了新颖的思路。聚合物中的这种关系已应用于更广泛的领域，例如有机发光二极管，电致变色器件，热电器件和超级电容器。最后，给出了总结和展望。通过这次审查，提供了分子设计的指导，并为包含SFT的未来发展提供了新颖的思路。聚合物中的这种关系已应用于更广泛的领域，例如有机发光二极管，电致变色器件，热电器件和超级电容器。最后，给出了总结和展望。通过这次审查，提供了分子设计的指导，并为包含SFT的未来发展提供了新颖的思路。