Abstract A considerable volume of animal research on detecting threat and foraging reveals that the co-presence of conspecifics reduces vigilance and enhances foraging. Monitoring threat is an adaptive process and is of considerable relevance to humans. It is therefore important to understand how the presence of others influences threat monitoring - namely vigilance - and consequently the capacity to detect threats. We examine this with a novel paradigm, that simulates a “foraging under threat” situation, with an eye-tracker (allowing the examination of the allocation of attention). Our results show, as predicted, that participants in the individual condition (versus co-presence) allocated more attentional resources to scanning the environment and thereby sacrificing foraging, which increased their likelihood of detecting threatening events. Thus, the presence or absence of others modulates vigilance strategies in humans. These findings highlight the heuristic value of animal vigilance models to understand humans threat monitoring with considerable applied relevance.

中文翻译：

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绘制人类警惕性：同种的影响

摘要 大量关于检测威胁和觅食的动物研究表明，同种动物的共同存在会降低警惕并增强觅食。监控威胁是一个适应性过程，与人类有相当大的相关性。因此，了解其他人的存在如何影响威胁监控（即警惕性）以及检测威胁的能力非常重要。我们用一种新颖的范式来研究这一点，该范式模拟“在威胁下觅食”的情况，使用眼动仪（允许检查注意力的分配）。我们的结果表明，正如预测的那样，个体条件下的参与者（相对于共存）分配了更多的注意力资源来扫描环境，从而牺牲了觅食，这增加了他们检测威胁事件的可能性。因此，其他人的存在与否会调节人类的警觉策略。这些发现强调了动物警戒模型在理解人类威胁监测方面具有相当大的应用相关性的启发式价值。