Little is known about the effects of oxyfluorfen, a diphenyl ether herbicide, exposure on the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) health. Consequently, the existing investigation was designed to highlight the impacts of oxyfluorfen exposure on C. gariepinus hematological indices, liver and kidney functions, reproductive hormones, and oxidative status. Furthermore, a consequent 10-day depuration period was adopted to evaluate the recovery of the disturbed indicators to normal values. In the first experiment, the 96-h lethal concentration 50 (LC50) of oxyfluorfen for C. gariepinus was determined using probit analysis. Next, in a second experiment, 180 healthy fish (average initial body weight: 164.23 ± 0.24) were randomly assigned to 4 experimental groups exposed to 0, 1/10, 1/8, or 1/5 96-h LC50 of oxyfluorfen. The hematological profile, hepatic enzymes, kidney damage byproducts, reproductive hormones, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation indicators together with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) content were assessed. A histopathological examination of the hepatic, renal, brain, and testicular tissues was accomplished. Moreover, the expression of the oxidative stress-related gene was carried out. The results showed that 96-h LC50 of oxyfluorfen for C. gariepinus was 11.698 mg/L. Exposure to sublethal levels of oxyfluorfen induced macrocytic hypochromic anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, monocytopenia, and eosinopenia. Also, a concentration-dependent increase in alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, urea, creatinine, catalase, and malondialdehyde was detected following oxyfluorfen exposure together with upregulation of catalase gene. But, significant concentration-dependent reductions in AChE, glutathione transferase, reduced to oxidized glutathione ratio, estradiol, and testosterone activities were recorded. These biochemical alterations were accompanied by pathological perturbations in hepatic, renal, brain, and testicular tissues. Following 10 days of recovery, only the hematological impairments were abolished. Conclusively, the herbicides oxyfluorfen could induce multiple negative impacts on C. gariepinus with oxidative stress as a probable underlying mechanism. Additionally, a recovery period of 10 days was not enough to restore these impairments.

中文翻译：

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评估暴露于亚致死浓度的氟喹诺酮的克拉里亚（Clarias gariepinus）的血液学，肝肾，抗氧化剂和激素反应。

关于氟苯酚（一种二苯醚类除草剂）对非洲cat鱼（Clarias gariepinus）健康的影响知之甚少。因此，现有的研究旨在突出对氟氧芬的暴露对加拿大油茶的血液学指标，肝和肾功能，生殖激素和氧化状态的影响。此外，随后采用了10天的净化期，以评估干扰指标恢复到正常值的情况。在第一个实验中，使用概率分析确定了加尔各答梭菌的氧氟芬的96小时致死浓度50（LC50）。接下来，在第二个实验中，将180只健康鱼（平均初始体重：164.23±0.24）随机分配到4个实验组，分别暴露于0、1 / 10、1 / 8或1/5 96-h氟丁酸的LC50中。血液学特征 评估了肝酶，肾脏损害副产物，生殖激素，氧化应激和脂质过氧化指标以及乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的含量。完成了肝，肾，脑和睾丸组织的组织病理学检查。此外，进行了氧化应激相关基因的表达。结果表明，oxyfluorfen对gar.pin的96 h LC50为11.698 mg / L。暴露于亚致死水平的羟氟芬引起的大细胞性低色素性贫血，白细胞减少症，淋巴细胞减少症，单核细胞减少症和曙红减少症。同样，在氟氟芬暴露和过氧化氢酶基因上调后，检测到丙氨酸转氨酶，碱性磷酸酶，天冬氨酸转氨酶，尿素，肌酐，过氧化氢酶和丙二醛的浓度依赖性增加。但，记录到AChE，谷胱甘肽转移酶，氧化型谷胱甘肽比率，雌二醇和睾丸激素活性显着浓度依赖性降低。这些生化改变伴有肝，肾，脑和睾丸组织的病理学扰动。恢复10天后，仅血液学损伤被消除。结论是，除草剂氧氟芬可能以氧化应激为可能的潜在机制，对加里皮斯茶产生多种负面影响。此外，10天的恢复期不足以恢复这些损害。这些生化改变伴有肝，肾，脑和睾丸组织的病理学扰动。恢复10天后，仅血液学损伤被消除。结论是，除草剂氧氟芬可能以氧化应激为可能的潜在机制，对加里皮斯茶产生多种负面影响。此外，10天的恢复期不足以恢复这些损害。这些生化改变伴有肝，肾，脑和睾丸组织的病理学扰动。恢复10天后，仅血液学损伤被消除。结论是，除草剂氧氟芬可能以氧化应激作为可能的潜在机理，对加里皮斯茶产生多种负面影响。此外，10天的恢复期不足以恢复这些损害。