In parallel with the obesity epidemic, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Disequilibrium of lipid metabolism and the subsequent metabolic-stress-induced inflammation are believed to be central in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Of note, metabolic inflammation is primarily mediated by innate immune signaling, which is increasingly recognized as a driving force in NAFLD progression. Currently, a series of agents targeting one or more of these pathomechanisms have shown encouraging results in preclinical models and clinical trials. This review summarizes the emerging molecular targets involved in signaling in the lipid metabolism and innate immunity aspects of NAFLD, focusing on their mechanistic roles and translational potentials.

中文翻译：

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治疗非酒精性脂肪肝的新兴分子靶点

在肥胖流行的同时，非酒精性脂肪肝 (NAFLD) 已成为全球最常见的慢性肝病。脂质代谢的不平衡和随后的代谢应激诱导的炎症被认为是 NAFLD 发病机制的核心。值得注意的是，代谢性炎症主要由先天免疫信号介导，越来越多的人认为这是 NAFLD 进展的驱动力。目前，针对这些病理机制中的一个或多个的一系列药物已在临床前模型和临床试验中显示出令人鼓舞的结果。本综述总结了参与 NAFLD 脂质代谢和先天免疫方面信号传导的新兴分子靶点，重点关注它们的机制作用和转化潜力。