At the heart of the structured architecture and complex dynamics of biological systems are specific and timely interactions operated by biomolecules. In many instances, biomolecular agents are spatially confined to flexible lipid membranes where, among other functions, they control cell adhesion, motility and tissue formation. Besides being central to several biological processes, multivalent interactions mediated by reactive linkers confined to deformable substrates underpin the design of synthetic- biological platforms and advanced biomimetic materials. Here we review recent advances on the experimental study and theoretical modelling of a heterogeneous class of biomimetic systems in which synthetic linkers mediate multivalent interactions between fluid and deformable colloidal units, including lipid vesicles and emulsion droplets. Linkers are often prepared from synthetic DNA nanostructures, enabling full programmability of the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of their mutual interactions. The coupling of the statistical effects of multivalent interactions with substrate fluidity and deformability gives rise to a rich emerging phenomenology that, in the context of self-assembled soft materials, has been shown to produce exotic phase behaviour, stimuli-responsiveness, and kinetic programmability of the self-assembly process. Applications to (synthetic) biology will also be reviewed.

中文翻译：

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与流体膜和界面处的仿生 DNA 接头的可编程相互作用

生物系统的结构化架构和复杂动态的核心是由生物分子操作的特定和及时的相互作用。在许多情况下，生物分子试剂在空间上被限制在柔性脂质膜上，除其他功能外，它们还控制细胞粘附、运动和组织形成。除了是几个生物过程的核心之外，由反应性连接器介导的多价相互作用被限制在可变形的底物上，支撑着合成生物平台和先进仿生材料的设计。在这里，我们回顾了一类异质仿生系统的实验研究和理论建模的最新进展，其中合成接头介导流体和可变形胶体单元（包括脂囊泡和乳液液滴）之间的多价相互作用。接头通常由合成的 DNA 纳米结构制备，使其相互相互作用的热力学和动力学特性具有完全可编程性。多价相互作用的统计效应与基底流动性和变形性的耦合产生了丰富的新兴现象学，在自组装软材料的背景下，已被证明会产生奇异的相行为、刺激响应性和动力学可编程性自组装过程。（合成）生物学的应用也将被审查。多价相互作用的统计效应与基底流动性和变形性的耦合产生了丰富的新兴现象学，在自组装软材料的背景下，已被证明会产生奇异的相行为、刺激响应性和动力学可编程性自组装过程。（合成）生物学的应用也将被审查。多价相互作用的统计效应与基底流动性和变形性的耦合产生了丰富的新兴现象学，在自组装软材料的背景下，已被证明会产生奇异的相行为、刺激响应性和动力学可编程性自组装过程。（合成）生物学的应用也将被审查。