Genetic alleles that contribute to enhanced susceptibility or resistance to viral infections and virally induced diseases have often been first identified in mice before humans due to the significant advantages of the murine system for genetic studies. Herein we review multiple discoveries that have revealed significant insights into virus-host interactions, all made using genetic mapping tools in mice. Factors that have been identified include innate and adaptive immunity genes that contribute to host defense against pathogenic viruses such as herpes viruses, flaviviruses, retroviruses, and coronaviruses. Understanding the genetic mechanisms that affect infectious disease outcomes will aid the development of personalized treatment and preventive strategies for pathogenic infections.

中文翻译：

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绘制小鼠中的病毒易感性基因座。

由于鼠类系统在遗传学研究中的显着优势，通常在人类之前首先在小鼠中首先发现了有助于增强对病毒感染和病毒引起的疾病的易感性或抗性的遗传等位基因。本文中，我们回顾了多个发现，这些发现揭示了对病毒-宿主相互作用的重要见解，所有这些发现均使用小鼠中的基因作图工具完成。已确定的因素包括有助于抵抗病原性病毒（如疱疹病毒，黄病毒，逆转录病毒和冠状病毒）的宿主的先天性和适应性免疫基因。了解影响传染病结果的遗传机制将有助于针对病原体感染的个性化治疗和预防策略的发展。