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Association of Prior Convictions for Driving Under the Influence With Risk of Subsequent Arrest for Violent Crimes Among Handgun Purchasers
JAMA Internal Medicine ( IF 39.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 , DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.4491
Rose M C Kagawa 1 , Susan Stewart 2 , Mona A Wright 1 , Aaron B Shev 1 , Veronica A Pear 1 , Christopher D McCort 1 , Rocco Pallin 1 , Rameesha Asif-Sattar 1 , Sydney Sohl 1 , Philip H Kass 3 , Magdalena Cerdá 1, 4 , Paul Gruenewald 5 , David M Studdert 6, 7 , Garen J Wintemute 1
Affiliation  

Importance Alcohol use is a risk factor for firearm-related violence, and firearm owners are more likely than others to report risky drinking behaviors. Objective To study the association between prior convictions for driving under the influence (DUI) and risk of subsequent arrest for violent crimes among handgun purchasers. Design In this retrospective, longitudinal cohort study, 79 678 individuals were followed up from their first handgun purchase in 2001 through 2013. The study cohort included all legally authorized handgun purchasers in California aged 21 to 49 years at the time of purchase in 2001. Individuals were identified using the California Department of Justice (CA DOJ) Dealer's Record of Sale (DROS) database, which retains information on all legal handgun transfers in the state. Exposures The primary exposure was DUI conviction prior to the first handgun purchase in 2001, as recorded in the CA DOJ Criminal History Information System. Main Outcomes and Measures Prespecified outcomes included arrests for violent crimes listed in the Crime Index published by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (murder, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault), firearm-related violent crimes, and any violent crimes. Results Of the study population (N=79 678), 91.0% were males and 68.9% were white individuals; the median age was 34 (range, 21-49) years. The analytic sample for multivariable models included 78 878 purchasers after exclusions. Compared with purchasers who had no prior criminal history, those with prior DUI convictions and no other criminal history were at increased risk of arrest for a Crime Index-listed violent crime (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.6; 95% CI, 1.7-4.1), a firearm-related violent crime (AHR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.3-6.4), and any violent crime (AHR, 3.3; 95% CI, 2.4-4.5). Among purchasers with a history of arrests or convictions for crimes other than DUI, associations specifically with DUI conviction remained. Conclusions and Relevance This study's findings suggest that prior DUI convictions may be associated with the risk of subsequent violence, including firearm-related violence, among legal purchasers of handguns. Although the magnitude was diminished, the risk associated with DUI conviction remained elevated even among those with a history of arrests or convictions for crimes of other types.

中文翻译:

在枪支购买者中因暴力犯罪而有随后被捕风险的影响下驾驶的先前定罪协会

重要性 饮酒是枪支相关暴力的一个危险因素,枪支拥有者比其他人更有可能报告危险的饮酒行为。目的 研究手枪购买者酒后驾驶 (DUI) 的先前定罪与随后因暴力犯罪被捕的风险之间的关联。设计 在这项回顾性纵向队列研究中,从 2001 年至 2013 年首次购买手枪的 79 678 人进行了随访。研究队列包括加利福尼亚州所有合法授权的手枪购买者,在 2001 年购买时年龄为 21 至 49 岁。个人使用加州司法部 (CA DOJ) 经销商销售记录 (DROS) 数据库进行识别,该数据库保留了有关该州所有合法手枪转让的信息。暴露 主要暴露是在 2001 年第一次购买手枪之前的酒后驾车定罪,正如加州司法部犯罪历史信息系统所记录的那样。主要结果和措施 预先指定的结果包括因联邦调查局公布的犯罪指数中列出的暴力犯罪(谋杀、强奸、抢劫和严重袭击)、与枪支有关的暴力犯罪和任何暴力犯罪而被捕。结果研究人群(N=79 678)中,男性占91.0%,白人占68.9%;中位年龄为 34(范围,21-49)岁。多变量模型的分析样本包括排除后的 78 878 名购买者。与之前没有犯罪记录的购买者相比,那些先前有酒后驾车定罪且没有其他犯罪史的人因犯罪指数列出的暴力犯罪(调整后的风险比 [AHR],2.6;95% CI,1.7-4.1)而被捕的风险增加,这是一种与枪支有关的暴力犯罪( AHR,2.8;95% CI,1.3-6.4)和任何暴力犯罪(AHR,3.3;95% CI,2.4-4.5)。在曾因酒后驾车以外的犯罪被逮捕或定罪的购买者中,特别是酒后驾车定罪的协会仍然存在。结论和相关性 本研究的结果表明,在合法购买手枪的人中,先前的酒后驾车定罪可能与随后发生暴力(包括与枪支相关的暴力)的风险有关。尽管程度有所降低,但即使在有逮捕或因其他类型犯罪被定罪的人中,与 DUI 定罪相关的风险仍然很高。95% CI,1.7-4.1),与枪支有关的暴力犯罪(AHR,2.8;95% CI,1.3-6.4),以及任何暴力犯罪(AHR,3.3;95% CI,2.4-4.5)。在曾因酒后驾车以外的犯罪被逮捕或定罪的购买者中,特别是酒后驾车定罪的协会仍然存在。结论和相关性 本研究的结果表明,在合法购买手枪的人中,先前的酒后驾车定罪可能与随后发生暴力(包括与枪支相关的暴力)的风险有关。尽管程度有所降低,但即使在有逮捕或因其他类型犯罪被定罪的人中,与 DUI 定罪相关的风险仍然很高。95% CI,1.7-4.1),与枪支有关的暴力犯罪(AHR,2.8;95% CI,1.3-6.4),以及任何暴力犯罪(AHR,3.3;95% CI,2.4-4.5)。在曾因酒后驾车以外的犯罪被逮捕或定罪的购买者中,特别是酒后驾车定罪的协会仍然存在。结论和相关性 本研究的结果表明,在合法购买手枪的人中,先前的酒后驾车定罪可能与随后发生暴力(包括与枪支相关的暴力)的风险有关。尽管程度有所降低,但即使在有逮捕或因其他类型犯罪被定罪的人中,与 DUI 定罪相关的风险仍然很高。在曾因酒后驾车以外的犯罪被逮捕或定罪的购买者中,特别是酒后驾车定罪的协会仍然存在。结论和相关性 本研究的结果表明,在合法购买手枪的人中,先前的酒后驾车定罪可能与随后发生暴力(包括与枪支相关的暴力)的风险有关。尽管程度有所降低,但即使在有逮捕或因其他类型犯罪被定罪的人中,与 DUI 定罪相关的风险仍然很高。在曾因酒后驾车以外的犯罪被逮捕或定罪的购买者中,特别是酒后驾车定罪的协会仍然存在。结论和相关性 本研究的结果表明,在合法购买手枪的人中,先前的酒后驾车定罪可能与随后发生暴力(包括与枪支相关的暴力)的风险有关。尽管程度有所降低,但即使在有逮捕或因其他类型犯罪被定罪的人中,与 DUI 定罪相关的风险仍然很高。
更新日期:2020-01-01
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