OBJECTIVE To compare ion release characteristics of three different dental varnishes either containing CPP-ACP and fluoride (CPP-ACPF, MI Varnish GC, Japan), bioactive glass and fluoride (BGAF, Dentsply Sirona USA) or fluoride alone (NUPRO White, Dentsply Sirona USA) using fluoride-Ion Selective Electrode (F-ISE), Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), 19F and 31P Magic Angle Spinning-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS-NMR). METHODS A thin layer (0.0674±0.0005g) of each varnish (20×25mm in area) was spread on a roughened glass slide (n=7). They were separately immersed in 10ml Tris buffer (0.06M, pH=7.30), and changed after 1, 2, 4, 6, 24 and 48h. Fluoride-ion concentration at each time using the F-ISE, whilst calcium and phosphate release were investigated using ICP-OES. XRD, FTIR. MAS-NMR analyses were also performed before and after immersion. RESULTS The cumulative F-ion release was significantly higher in CPP-ACPF (1.113mmol/g)>BGAF(0.638)>F(0.112) (p<0.001). The cumulative calcium and phosphorus were higher in the CPP-ACPF (0.137mmol/g, 0.119) than BGAF (0.067, 0.015) (p<0.001) respectively. The XRD and 19F MAS-NMR confirmed the presence of NaF peaks in all cases before immersion. There were less prominent signal and appearance of fluorapatite crystals after immersion. 19F MAS-NMR revealed CaF2 formation after immersion in both CPP-ACPF and BGAF. 31P MAS-NMR showed phosphate signals in both CPP-ACPF and BGAF before immersion. FTIR failed to show any signs of apatite formation. SIGNIFICANCE Both CPP-ACP and bioactive glass enhanced ion release without compromising the bioavailability of fluoride. The CPP-ACPF varnish had the most promising ion release.

中文翻译：

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使用CPP-ACP或生物活性玻璃对三种不同的含氟牙科清漆的离子释放特性进行比较评估。

目的比较三种含有CPP-ACP和氟化物（CPP-ACPF，MI Varnish GC，日本），生物活性玻璃和氟化物（BGAF，Dentsply Sirona美国）或单独使用氟化物（NUPRO White，Dentsply Sirona）的三种不同牙科清漆的离子释放特性美国）使用氟化物离子选择电极（F-ISE），电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP-OES），X射线衍射（XRD），傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR），19F和31P幻角自旋-核磁共振（MAS-NMR）。方法将每种清漆（面积20×25mm）的薄层（0.0674±0.0005g）铺在粗糙的载玻片上（n = 7）。将它们分别浸入10ml Tris缓冲液（0.06M，pH = 7.30）中，并在1、2、4、6、24和48小时后更换。使用F-ISE每次测量氟离子浓度，同时使用ICP-OES研究了钙和磷酸盐的释放。XRD，FTIR。在浸没之前和之后也进行了MAS-NMR分析。结果CPP-ACPF（1.113mmol / g）> BGAF（0.638）> F（0.112）的累积F离子释放量显着更高（p <0.001）。CPP-ACPF中的累积钙和磷（0.137mmol / g，0.119）高于BGAF（0.067，0.015）（p <0.001）。XRD和19F MAS-NMR证实了在浸没之前所有情况下NaF峰的存在。浸泡后氟磷灰石晶体的突出信号和外观较少。19 F MAS-NMR揭示了在CPP-ACPF和BGAF中浸没后形成CaF2。31 P MAS-NMR在浸没之前在CPP-ACPF和BGAF中均显示磷酸盐信号。FTIR没有显示出磷灰石形成的任何迹象。意义CPP-ACP和生物活性玻璃均增强了离子释放，而不会损害氟化物的生物利用度。CPP-ACPF清漆具有最有希望的离子释放能力。