Over a decade ago, an analogy was drawn between the generation of large ocean waves and the propagation of light fields in optical fibres. This analogy drove numerous experimental studies in both systems, which we review here. In optics, we focus on results arising from the use of real-time measurement techniques, whereas in oceanography we consider insights obtained from analysis of real-world ocean wave data and controlled experiments in wave tanks. This Review of the work in hydrodynamics includes results that support both nonlinear and linear interpretations of rogue wave formation in the ocean, and in optics, we also provide an overview of the emerging area of research applying the measurement techniques developed for the study of rogue waves to dissipative soliton systems. We discuss the insights gained from the analogy between the two systems and its limitations in modelling real-world ocean wave scenarios that include physical effects that go beyond a one-dimensional propagation model.

十多年前，在海浪的产生与光纤中光场的传播之间进行了类比。这种类比在这两个系统中进行了大量的实验研究，我们在这里进行回顾。在光学方面，我们专注于使用实时测量技术产生的结果，而在海洋学中，我们考虑从现实世界中的海浪数据分析和在波箱中进行的受控实验中获得的见解。本文对流体力学工作的回顾包括支持海洋中无赖波形成的非线性和线性解释的结果，以及在光学方面，我们还提供了应用为无赖波研究而开发的测量技术的新兴研究领域的概述。耗散孤子系统。