In recent years, micro/nanostructured surfaces have been applied to enhance condensation heat transfer. However, condensation heat transfer is greatly deteriorated by the flooding phenomenon that occurs at high subcooling temperatures. Here, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) hybrid surface to enhance the condensation at high subcooling temperatures. The 3D hybrid surface consisted of superhydrophobic (SHB) Si nanowire (SiNW) arrays and hydrophilic microchannels. The microchannels could confine the liquid-film thickness, and the liquid bridges formed on the 3D hybrid surfaces could be self-removed. Both of these characteristics prevent the surfaces from flooding. In addition, liquid droplets formed in the SiNW regions were dragged into the microchannels, which also improved the heat transfer. The heat transfer coefficient on the 3D hybrid surface could be enhanced over a large subcooling range. More remarkably, a record high heat flux of 655 ± 10 kW·m⁻² was obtained on the 3D hybrid surface.

近年来，已经应用了微/纳米结构表面来增强冷凝热传递。但是，冷凝水的传递会因过高的过冷温度引起的溢流现象而大大恶化。在这里，我们提出了三维（3D）混合表面，以增强在高过冷温度下的冷凝。3D混合表面由超疏水（SHB）Si纳米线（SiNW）阵列和亲水性微通道组成。微通道可以限制液膜厚度，并且在3D混合表面上形成的液桥可以自动去除。这两个特性都可以防止表面泛滥。另外，在SiNW区域中形成的液滴被拖入微通道中，这也改善了热传递。3D混合表面上的传热系数可以在较大的过冷范围内提高。更显着的是，创纪录的高热通量为655±10 kW·m在3D混合表面上获得了^-2。