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Best Performing SiGe/Si Core‐Shell Nanoparticles Synthesized in One Step for High Capacity Anodes
Batteries & Supercaps ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-30 , DOI: 10.1002/batt.201900094 Antoine Desrues 1 , John P. Alper 1, 2 , Florent Boismain 1 , Diana Zapata Dominguez 3 , Christopher Berhaut 4 , Pierre‐Eugène Coulon 5 , Adrien Soloy 1 , Frédéric Grisch 6 , Samuel Tardif 4 , Stéphanie Pouget 3 , Sandrine Lyonnard 4 , Cédric Haon 2 , Nathalie Herlin‐Boime 1
Batteries & Supercaps ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-30 , DOI: 10.1002/batt.201900094 Antoine Desrues 1 , John P. Alper 1, 2 , Florent Boismain 1 , Diana Zapata Dominguez 3 , Christopher Berhaut 4 , Pierre‐Eugène Coulon 5 , Adrien Soloy 1 , Frédéric Grisch 6 , Samuel Tardif 4 , Stéphanie Pouget 3 , Sandrine Lyonnard 4 , Cédric Haon 2 , Nathalie Herlin‐Boime 1
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Silicon‐germanium nanostructures are promising anode materials for high stability, high capacity, and fast cycling Li‐ion batteries. In this work, we report on the outstanding performance of new SiGe/Si core@shell nanoparticle heterostructures synthetized in one step by laser pyrolysis of silane and germane. By tuning the silane to germane ratio, the composition of Si100‐xGex alloy was readily adjusted. Nanoparticles with x=0, 20, 47, 77, and 100 were investigated and the composition of each alloy (including internal mixed phases) was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The electrochemical performances of the Si100‐xGex alloys were evaluated by cycling half cell batteries from C/5 to 5 C. The optimal trade‐off between stability and capacity was obtained in Si53Ge47 core shell nanoparticles alloy. This material exhibits the best performance reported so far for SiGe compounds, with a reversible specific capacity of 1695 mAh.g−1 after 60 cycles (90 % of its initial value). The (de)alloying properties of this optimal Si53Ge47 heterostructure were followed by operando synchrotron WAXS measurements, suggesting sequential lithiation of the various phases present in the material. The alloying process, combined with the realization of peculiar nanostructures composed of a Ge‐rich core and a Si‐rich shell, therefore allow to reach electrochemical properties suited for a practical application in energy storage device.
中文翻译：
一步合成的性能最佳的SiGe / Si核壳纳米粒子可用于大容量阳极
硅锗纳米结构是用于高稳定性，高容量和快速循环锂离子电池的有前途的阳极材料。在这项工作中，我们报告了通过硅烷和锗烷的激光热解一步合成的新型SiGe / Si核@壳纳米粒子异质结构的出色性能。通过调整硅烷与锗烷的比例，可以轻松调整Si 100- x Ge x合金的成分。研究了x = 0、20、47、77和100的纳米粒子，并通过X射线衍射和能量色散X射线光谱法确定了每种合金的组成（包括内部混合相）。Si 100- x Ge x的电化学性能通过将半电池从C / 5循环到5 C对合金进行了评估。在Si 53 Ge 47核壳纳米粒子合金中，获得了稳定性和容量之间的最佳折衷。该材料表现出迄今为止报告的关于SiGe化合物的最佳性能，在60次循环后（其初始值的90％）可逆比容量为1695 mAh.g -1。最佳Si 53 Ge 47的（脱合金）性能异质结构之后，进行操作同步加速器WAXS测量，表明材料中存在的各个相的顺序锂化。因此，合金化过程与实现由富Ge核和富Si壳组成的特殊纳米结构相结合，可以实现适合实际应用在储能设备中的电化学性能。
更新日期：2019-09-30
中文翻译：
一步合成的性能最佳的SiGe / Si核壳纳米粒子可用于大容量阳极
硅锗纳米结构是用于高稳定性，高容量和快速循环锂离子电池的有前途的阳极材料。在这项工作中，我们报告了通过硅烷和锗烷的激光热解一步合成的新型SiGe / Si核@壳纳米粒子异质结构的出色性能。通过调整硅烷与锗烷的比例，可以轻松调整Si 100- x Ge x合金的成分。研究了x = 0、20、47、77和100的纳米粒子，并通过X射线衍射和能量色散X射线光谱法确定了每种合金的组成（包括内部混合相）。Si 100- x Ge x的电化学性能通过将半电池从C / 5循环到5 C对合金进行了评估。在Si 53 Ge 47核壳纳米粒子合金中，获得了稳定性和容量之间的最佳折衷。该材料表现出迄今为止报告的关于SiGe化合物的最佳性能，在60次循环后（其初始值的90％）可逆比容量为1695 mAh.g -1。最佳Si 53 Ge 47的（脱合金）性能异质结构之后，进行操作同步加速器WAXS测量，表明材料中存在的各个相的顺序锂化。因此，合金化过程与实现由富Ge核和富Si壳组成的特殊纳米结构相结合，可以实现适合实际应用在储能设备中的电化学性能。
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