The inner workings of the intestines, in which the body and microbiome intersect to influence gut function and systemic health, remain elusive. Carbon dioxide, hydrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide, as well as a variety of trace gases, are generated by the chemical interactions and microbiota within the gut. Profiling of these intestinal gases and their responses to dietary changes can reveal the products and functions of the gut microbiota and their influence on human health. Indeed, different tools for measuring these intestinal gases have been developed, including newly developed gas-sensing capsule technology. Gases can, according to their type, concentration and volume, induce or relieve abdominal symptoms, and might also have physiological, pathogenic and therapeutic effects. Thus, profiling and modulating intestinal gases could be powerful tools for disease prevention and/or therapy. As the interactions between the microbiota, chemical constituents and fermentative substrates of the gut are principally influenced by dietary intake, altering the diet, which, in turn, changes gas profiles, is the main therapeutic approach for gastrointestinal disorders. An improved understanding of the complex interactions within the intestines that generate gases will enhance our ability to prevent, diagnose, treat and monitor many gastrointestinal disorders.

中文翻译：

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肠内气体：对肠道疾病的影响和饮食控制的作用。

人体和微生物组相交以影响肠道功能和全身健康的肠道内部运作仍然难以捉摸。肠道内的化学相互作用和微生物会产生二氧化碳，氢气，甲烷和硫化氢以及各种微量气体。分析这些肠道气体及其对饮食变化的反应可以揭示肠道菌群的产物和功能及其对人体健康的影响。实际上，已经开发了用于测量这些肠道气体的不同工具，包括新开发的气体传感胶囊技术。气体可以根据其类型，浓度和体积来诱发或缓解腹部症状，并且还可能具有生理，致病和治疗作用。因此，剖析和调节肠道气体可能是预防和/或治疗疾病的有力工具。由于肠道菌群，肠道化学成分和发酵底物之间的相互作用主要受饮食摄入量的影响，因此改变饮食结构会改变气体分布，这是胃肠道疾病的主要治疗方法。对肠内产生气体的复杂相互作用的进一步了解将增强我们预防，诊断，治疗和监测许多胃肠道疾病的能力。是胃肠道疾病的主要治疗方法。对肠内产生气体的复杂相互作用的进一步了解将增强我们预防，诊断，治疗和监测许多胃肠道疾病的能力。是胃肠道疾病的主要治疗方法。对肠内产生气体的复杂相互作用的进一步了解将增强我们预防，诊断，治疗和监测许多胃肠道疾病的能力。