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Executive, language and fluency dysfunction are markers of localised TDP-43 cerebral pathology in non-demented ALS.
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry ( IF 8.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-12 , DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2019-320807
Jenna M Gregory 1, 2 , Karina McDade 2, 3 , Thomas H Bak 2, 4 , Suvankar Pal 2, 3 , Siddharthan Chandran 2, 3 , Colin Smith 2, 3 , Sharon Abrahams 2, 4
Affiliation  

OBJECTIVE Approximately 35% of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) exhibit mild cognitive deficits in executive functions, language and fluency, without dementia. The precise pathology of these extramotor symptoms has remained unknown. This study aimed to determine the pathological correlate of cognitive impairment in patients with non-demented ALS. METHODS In-depth neuropathological analysis of 27 patients with non-demented ALS who had undergone cognitive testing (Edinburgh Cognitive and Behaviour ALS Screen (ECAS)) during life. Analysis involved assessing 43 kDa Tar-DNA binding protein (TDP-43) accumulation in brain regions specifically involved in executive functions, language functions and verbal fluency to ascertain whether functional deficits would relate to a specific regional distribution of pathology. RESULTS All patients with cognitive impairment had TDP-43 pathology in extramotor brain regions (positive predictive value of 100%). The ECAS also predicted TDP-43 pathology with 100% specificity in brain regions associated with executive, language and fluency domains. We also detected a subgroup with no cognitive dysfunction, despite having substantial TDP-43 pathology, so called mismatch cases. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive impairment as detected by the ECAS is a valid predictor of TDP-43 pathology in non-demented ALS. The profile of mild cognitive deficits specifically predicts regional cerebral involvement. These findings highlight the utility of the ECAS in accurately assessing the pathological burden of disease.

中文翻译:

执行,语言和流利功能障碍是非痴呆性ALS中局部TDP-43脑病理的标志。

目的约35%的肌萎缩性侧索硬化症(ALS)患者在执行功能,语言和流利程度方面表现出轻度认知缺陷,而没有痴呆症。这些运动异常症状的确切病理还不清楚。本研究旨在确定非痴呆性ALS患者认知障碍的病理相关性。方法对一生中经历了认知测试(爱丁堡认知与行为ALS筛查(ECAS))的27例非痴呆性ALS患者进行深入的神经病理学分析。分析涉及评估43 kDa Tar-DNA结合蛋白(TDP-43)在专门参与执行功能,语言功能和言语流畅性的大脑区域中的积累,以确定功能缺陷是否与病理的特定区域分布有关。结果所有认知障碍患者在运动外脑区域均具有TDP-43病理(阳性预测值为100%)。ECAS还预测了TDP-43病理学在与执行,语言和流利性领域相关的大脑区域具有100%的特异性。尽管存在大量的TDP-43病理,我们也检测到了一个没有认知功能障碍的亚组,即所谓的失配病例。结论ECAS检测到的认知障碍是非痴呆性ALS患者TDP-43病理学的有效预测指标。轻度认知功能障碍的特征特别预测了区域性脑部受累。这些发现突显了ECAS在准确评估疾病的病理负担方面的实用性。ECAS还预测了TDP-43病理学在与执行,语言和流利性领域相关的大脑区域具有100%的特异性。尽管存在大量的TDP-43病理,我们也检测到了一个没有认知功能障碍的亚组,即所谓的失配病例。结论ECAS检测到的认知障碍是非痴呆性ALS患者TDP-43病理学的有效预测指标。轻度认知功能障碍的特征可以明确预测局部大脑的受累情况。这些发现突显了ECAS在准确评估疾病的病理负担方面的实用性。ECAS还预测了TDP-43病理学在与执行,语言和流利性领域相关的大脑区域具有100%的特异性。尽管存在大量的TDP-43病理,我们也检测到了一个没有认知功能障碍的亚组,即所谓的失配病例。结论ECAS检测到的认知障碍是非痴呆性ALS患者TDP-43病理学的有效预测指标。轻度认知功能障碍的特征特别预测了区域性脑部受累。这些发现突显了ECAS在准确评估疾病的病理负担方面的实用性。结论ECAS检测到的认知障碍是非痴呆性ALS患者TDP-43病理学的有效预测指标。轻度认知功能障碍的特征可以明确预测局部大脑的受累情况。这些发现突显了ECAS在准确评估疾病的病理负担方面的实用性。结论ECAS检测到的认知障碍是非痴呆性ALS患者TDP-43病理学的有效预测指标。轻度认知功能障碍的特征特别预测了区域性脑部受累。这些发现突显了ECAS在准确评估疾病的病理负担方面的实用性。
更新日期:2020-01-10
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