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Effect of a Multicomponent Home-Based Physical Therapy Intervention on Ambulation After Hip Fracture in Older Adults
JAMA ( IF 63.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-10 , DOI: 10.1001/jama.2019.12964
Jay Magaziner 1 , Kathleen K Mangione 2 , Denise Orwig 1 , Mona Baumgarten 1 , Laurence Magder 1 , Michael Terrin 1 , Richard H Fortinsky 3 , Ann L Gruber-Baldini 1 , Brock A Beamer 4, 5 , Anna N A Tosteson 6, 7 , Anne M Kenny 8 , Michelle Shardell 1, 9 , Ellen F Binder 10 , Kenneth Koval 11 , Barbara Resnick 12 , Ram Miller 13 , Sandra Forman 1 , Ruth McBride 14 , Rebecca L Craik 2
Affiliation  

Importance Disability persists after hip fracture in older persons. Current rehabilitation may not be sufficient to restore ability to walk in the community. Objective To compare a multicomponent home-based physical therapy intervention (training) with an active control on ability to walk in the community. Design, Setting, and Participants Parallel, 2-group randomized clinical trial conducted at 3 US clinical centers (Arcadia University, University of Connecticut Health Center, and University of Maryland, Baltimore). Randomization began on September 16, 2013, and ended on June 20, 2017; follow-up ended on October 17, 2017. Patients aged 60 years and older were enrolled after nonpathologic, minimal trauma hip fracture, if they were living in the community and walking without human assistance before the fracture, were assessed within 26 weeks of hospitalization, and were not able to walk during daily activities at the time of enrollment. A total of 210 participants were randomized and reassessed 16 and 40 weeks later. Interventions The training intervention (active treatment) (n = 105) included aerobic, strength, balance, and functional training. The active control group (n = 105) received transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and active range-of-motion exercises. Both groups received 2 to 3 home visits from a physical therapist weekly for 16 weeks; nutritional counseling; and daily vitamin D (2000 IU), calcium (600 mg), and multivitamins. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome (community ambulation) was defined as walking 300 m or more in 6 minutes at 16 weeks after randomization. The study was designed to test a 1-sided hypothesis of superiority of training compared with active control. Results Among 210 randomized participants (mean age, 80.8 years; 161 women [76.7%]), 197 (93.8%) completed the trial (187 [89.0%] by completing the 6-minute walk test at 16 weeks and 10 [4.8%] by adjudication of the primary outcome). Among these, 22 of 96 training participants (22.9%) and 18 of 101 active control participants (17.8%) (difference, 5.1% [1-sided 97.5% CI, -∞ to 16.3%]; 1-sided P = .19) became community ambulators. Seventeen training participants (16.2%) and 15 control participants (14.3%) had 1 or more reportable adverse events during the intervention period. The most common reportable adverse events reported were falls (training: 6 [5.7%], control: 4 [3.8%]), femur/hip fracture (2 in each group), pneumonia (training: 2, control: 0), urinary tract infection (training: 2, control: 0), dehydration (training: 0, control: 2), and dyspnea (training: 0, control: 2). Conclusions and Relevance Among older adults with a hip fracture, a multicomponent home-based physical therapy intervention compared with an active control that included transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and active range-of-motion exercises did not result in a statistically significant improvement in the ability to walk 300 m or more in 6 minutes after 16 weeks. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01783704.

中文翻译:

多组分家庭物理治疗干预对老年人髋部骨折后步行的影响

重要性 老年人髋部骨折后仍然存在残疾。目前的康复可能不足以恢复在社区中行走的能力。目的 比较以家庭为基础的多组分物理治疗干预(训练)与主动控制对社区行走能力的影响。设计、设置和参与者 在 3 个美国临床中心(阿卡迪亚大学、康涅狄格大学健康中心和马里兰大学巴尔的摩分校)进行的平行、2 组随机临床试验。随机化开始于2013年9月16日,结束于2017年6月20日;随访于 2017 年 10 月 17 日结束。年龄在 60 岁及以上的非病理性、轻微创伤性髋部骨折后入组患者,如果他们住在社区并且在骨折前无需人工协助行走,在住院后 26 周内进行评估,并且在入组时无法在日常活动中行走。共有 210 名参与者被随机分组​​,并在 16 周和 40 周后重新评估。干预 训练干预(积极治疗)(n = 105) 包括有氧、力量、平衡和功能训练。主动控制组 (n = 105) 接受经皮神经电刺激和主动活动范围练习。两组每周接受物理治疗师的 2 至 3 次家访,持续 16 周;营养咨询;以及每日维生素 D (2000 IU)、钙 (600 mg) 和多种维生素。主要结果和测量 主要结果(社区步行)被定义为在随机化后 16 周时在 6 分钟内步行 300 米或更多。该研究旨在检验训练优于主动控制的单方面假设。结果 在 210 名随机参与者中(平均年龄 80.8 岁;161 名女性 [76.7%]),197 名 (93.8%) 完成了试验(187 名 [89.0%] 在 16 周时完成了 6 分钟步行测试,10 名 [4.8%] ] 通过对主要结果的裁决)。其中,96 名培训参与者中的 22 名 (22.9%) 和 101 名主动控制参与者中的 18 名 (17.8%)(差异,5.1% [单侧 97.5% CI,-∞ 至 16.3%];单侧 P = .19 ) 成为社区救护员。17 名培训参与者 (16.2%) 和 15 名对照参与者 (14.3%) 在干预期间发生了 1 起或更多可报告的不良事件。报告的最常见的可报告不良事件是跌倒(训练:6 [5.7%],对照组:4 [3.8%])、股骨/髋部骨折(每组 2 例)、肺炎(训练:2、控制:0)、尿路感染(训练:2、控制:0)、脱水(训练:0、控制:2)和呼吸困难(训练:0、控制:2)。结16 周后,每 6 分钟步行 300 米或更多。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符:NCT01783704。与包括经皮神经电刺激和主动运动范围锻炼在内的主动控制相比,多组分家庭物理治疗干预并未导致 16 周后在 6 分钟内步行 300 米或更远的能力有统计学意义的显着改善. 试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符:NCT01783704。与包括经皮神经电刺激和主动运动范围锻炼在内的主动控制相比,多组分家庭物理治疗干预并未导致 16 周后在 6 分钟内步行 300 米或更远的能力有统计学意义的显着改善. 试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符:NCT01783704。
更新日期:2019-09-10
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