RNA-binding proteins play vital roles in regulating gene expression and cellular physiology in all organisms. Bacterial RNA-binding proteins can regulate transcription termination via attenuation or antitermination mechanisms, while others can repress or activate translation initiation by affecting ribosome binding. The RNA targets for these proteins include short repeated sequences, longer single-stranded sequences, RNA secondary or tertiary structure, and a combination of these features. The activity of these proteins can be influenced by binding of metabolites, small RNAs, or other proteins, as well as by phosphorylation events. Some of these proteins regulate specific genes, while others function as global regulators. As the regulatory mechanisms, components, targets, and signaling circuitry surrounding RNA-binding proteins have become better understood, in part through rapid advances provided by systems approaches, a sense of the true nature of biological complexity is becoming apparent, which we attempt to capture for the reader of this review.

中文翻译：

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细菌 RNA 结合蛋白介导的基因表达的转录后起始控制。


RNA 结合蛋白在调节所有生物体的基因表达和细胞生理学中发挥着至关重要的作用。细菌 RNA 结合蛋白可以通过减弱或抗终止机制调节转录终止，而其他蛋白则可以通过影响核糖体结合来抑制或激活翻译起始。这些蛋白质的 RNA 靶标包括短重复序列、较长单链序列、RNA 二级或三级结构以及这些特征的组合。这些蛋白质的活性可能受到代谢物、小 RNA 或其他蛋白质的结合以及磷酸化事件的影响。其中一些蛋白质调节特定基因，而另一些蛋白质则充当全局调节剂。随着RNA结合蛋白周围的调控机制、成分、靶标和信号传导电路得到更好的理解（部分是通过系统方法提供的快速进步），对生物复杂性的真实本质的认识变得越来越明显，我们试图捕捉这一点对于这篇评论的读者。