Algae are photosynthetic eukaryotes whose taxonomic breadth covers a range of life histories, degrees of cellular and developmental complexity, and diverse patterns of sexual reproduction. These patterns include haploid- and diploid-phase sex determination, isogamous mating systems, and dimorphic sexes. Despite the ubiquity of sexual reproduction in algae, their mating-type-determination and sex-determination mechanisms have been investigated in only a limited number of representatives. These include volvocine green algae, where sexual cycles and sex-determining mechanisms have shed light on the transition from mating types to sexes, and brown algae, which are a model for UV sex chromosome evolution in the context of a complex haplodiplontic life cycle. Recent advances in genomics have aided progress in understanding sexual cycles in less-studied taxa including ulvophyte, charophyte, and prasinophyte green algae, as well as in diatoms.

中文翻译：

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藻类性别决定和异配的进化。


藻类是光合作用真核生物，其分类广度涵盖了一系列生命史、细胞和发育复杂程度以及不同的有性生殖模式。这些模式包括单倍体和二倍体阶段性别决定、同配交配系统和二态性。尽管藻类中普遍存在有性繁殖，但它们的交配类型决定和性别决定机制仅在有限数量的代表中进行了研究。其中包括 volocine 绿藻（其性周期和性别决定机制揭示了从交配类型到性别的转变）和褐藻（其是复杂单倍体生命周期背景下紫外线性染色体进化的模型）。基因组学的最新进展有助于了解较少研究的类群（包括绿藻、轮藻和绿藻以及硅藻）的性周期。