Stress granules (SGs) are macromolecular assemblies induced by stress and composed of proteins and mRNAs stalled in translation initiation. SGs play an important role in the response to stress and in the modulation of signaling pathways. Furthermore, these structures are related to the pathological ribonucleoprotein (RNP) aggregates found in neurodegenerative disease contexts, highlighting the need to understand how they are formed and recycled in normal and pathological contexts. Although genetically tractable multicellular organisms have been key in identifying modifiers of RNP aggregate toxicity, in vivo analysis of SG properties and regulation has lagged behind, largely due to the difficulty of detecting SG from images of intact tissues. Here, we describe the object detector software Obj.MPP and show how it overcomes the limits of classical object analyzers to extract the properties of SGs from wide-field and confocal images of Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila tissues, respectively. We demonstrate that Obj.MPP enables the identification of genes modulating the assembly of endogenous and pathological SGs, and thus that it will be useful in the context of future genetic screens and in vivo studies.

中文翻译：

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使用Obj.MPP分析工具检测和量化多细胞生物组织中的应激颗粒。

应激颗粒（SGs​​）是由应激诱导的大分子装配，由在翻译起始过程中停滞的蛋白质和mRNA组成。SG在对压力的反应和信号通路的调节中起重要作用。此外，这些结构与在神经退行性疾病背景下发现的病理性核糖核蛋白（RNP）聚集体有关，这凸显了需要了解它们在正常和病理学情况下如何形成和循环利用的需求。尽管遗传上易处理的多细胞生物已成为鉴定RNP聚集毒性修饰剂的关键，但对SG特性和调控的体内分析已滞后，这主要是由于难以从完整组织的图像中检测到SG。在这里，我们描述物体检测器软件Obj。MPP并展示了它如何克服经典对象分析仪的限制，分别从秀丽隐杆线虫和果蝇组织的广角和共聚焦图像中提取SG的特性。我们证明，Obj.MPP能够识别调节内源性和病理性SGs装配的基因，因此在将来的遗传筛选和体内研究中将很有用。