Controlled Surface Modification of ZnO Nanostructures with Amorphous TiO2 for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting,Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Controlled Surface Modification of ZnO Nanostructures with Amorphous TiO2 for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Advanced Sustainable Systems ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-06-03 , DOI: 10.1002/adsu.201900046
Alberto Gasparotto ₁ , Chiara Maccato ₁ , Cinzia Sada ₂ , Giorgio Carraro ₁ , Dimitris I. Kondarides ₃ , Symeon Bebelis ₃ , Athanasia Petala ₃ , Andrea La Porta ₄ , Thomas Altantzis ₄ , Davide Barreca ₅

Affiliation

The utilization of solar radiation to trigger photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting has gained interest for sustainable energy production. In this study, attention is focused on the development of ZnO–TiO₂ nanocomposite photoanodes. The target systems are obtained by growing porous arrays of highly crystalline, elongated ZnO nanostructures on indium tin oxide (ITO) by chemical vapor deposition. Subsequently, the obtained nanodeposits are functionalized with TiO₂ via radio frequency‐sputtering for different process durations, and subjected to final annealing in air. Characterization results demonstrate the successful formation of high purity composite systems in which the surface of ZnO nanostructures is decorated by ultra‐small amounts of amorphous titania, whose content can be conveniently tailored as a function of deposition time. Photocurrent density measurements in sunlight‐triggered water splitting highlight a remarkable performance enhancement with respect to single‐phase zinc and titanium oxides, with up to a threefold photocurrent increase compared to bare ZnO. These results, mainly traced back to the formation of ZnO/TiO₂ heterojunctions yielding an improved photocarrier separation, show that the target nanocomposites are attractive photoanodes for efficient PEC water splitting.

中文翻译：

用于光电化学水分解的无定形TiO ₂ ZnO纳米结构的受控表面改性

利用太阳辐射来引发光化学（PEC）水分解已经引起了可持续能源生产的兴趣。在这项研究中，注意力集中在ZnO–TiO ₂纳米复合光阳极的开发上。通过化学气相沉积在铟锡氧化物（ITO）上生长高度结晶的细长ZnO纳米结构的多孔阵列，从而获得目标系统。随后，将获得的纳米沉积物用TiO ₂功能化。通过射频溅射进行不同的处理时间，并在空气中进行最终退火。表征结果表明，成功形成了高纯度复合材料系统，其中ZnO纳米结构的表面被超少量的非晶态二氧化钛装饰，其含量可根据沉积时间方便地进行调整。在阳光触发的水分解中的光电流密度测量结果表明，相对于单相氧化锌和氧化钛，其性能得到了显着提高，与裸露的ZnO相比，光电流增加了三倍。这些结果主要可追溯到ZnO / TiO ₂的形成异质结产生改善的光载流子分离，表明目标纳米复合材料是有效的PEC水分解的有吸引力的光阳极。

更新日期：2019-09-10

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