Objective:

It has long been assumed that paranoid ideation may stem from an aberrant limbic response to threatening stimuli. However, results from functional neuroimaging studies using negative emotional stimuli have failed to confirm this assumption. One of the potential reasons for the lack of effect is that study participants with psychosis may display aberrant brain responses to neutral material rather than to threatening stimuli. The authors conducted a functional neuroimaging meta-analysis to test this hypothesis.

Methods:

A literature search was performed with PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase to identify functional neuroimaging studies examining brain responses to neutral material in patients with psychosis. A total of 23 studies involving schizophrenia patients were retrieved. Using t-maps of peak coordinates to calculate effect sizes, a random-effects model meta-analysis was performed with the anisotropic effect-size version of Seed-based d Mapping software.

Results:

In schizophrenia patients relative to healthy control subjects, increased activations were observed in the left and right amygdala and parahippocampus and the left putamen, hippocampus, and insula in response to neutral stimuli.

Conclusions:

Given that several limbic regions were found to be more activated in schizophrenia patients than in control subjects, the results of this meta-analysis strongly suggest that these patients confer aberrant emotional significance to nonthreatening stimuli. In theory, this abnormal brain reactivity may fuel delusional thoughts. Studies are needed in individuals at risk of psychosis to determine whether aberrant limbic reactivity to neutral stimuli is an early neurofunctional marker of psychosis vulnerability.

中文翻译：

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精神分裂症中的情绪中性刺激反应引起的肢体活动亢进：精神过度活跃的人的神经影像荟萃分析。

客观的：

长期以来一直认为偏执观念可能源于对威胁性刺激的边缘反应异常。然而，使用负面情绪刺激的功能性神经影像研究的结果未能证实这一假设。缺乏效果的潜在原因之一是患有精神病的研究参与者可能对中性物质而不是威胁性刺激表现出异常的大脑反应。作者进行了功能性神经影像荟萃分析，以检验这一假设。

方法：

使用PubMed，Google Scholar和Embase进行了文献检索，以鉴定功能性神经影像学研究，检查精神病患者大脑对中性物质的反应。总共检索了涉及精神分裂症患者的23项研究。使用峰坐标的t-map计算效应大小，使用基于种子的d映射软件的各向异性效应大小版本进行了随机效应模型的荟萃分析。

结果：

相对于健康对照组的精神分裂症患者，响应于中性刺激，观察到左，右杏仁核和海马旁以及左壳核，海马和岛状岛的激活增加。

结论：

鉴于发现精神分裂症患者的几个边缘区域比对照组更活跃，这项荟萃分析的结果强烈表明，这些患者赋予非威胁性刺激以异常的情感意义。从理论上讲，这种异常的大脑反应性可能会激发妄想。需要对有精神病风险的个体进行研究，以确定对中性刺激的异常边缘反应是否是精神病易感性的早期神经功能标记。