Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are the most common congenital cardiac malformations accounting for ∼30% of congenital heart disease. Although open heart surgery is considered a standard treatment, catheter-based intervention is a promising alternative, associated with a lower incidence of myocardial injury, less blood transfusion, faster recovery, and shorter hospitalization. The most relevant complications of this intervention are residual shunt, device-related arrhythmia, vascular complications, haemolysis, valve dysfunction, and device embolization.

中文翻译：

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经皮室间隔缺损闭合后的晚期心脏糜烂：室间隔缺损装置植入后的并发症

室间隔缺损（VSD）是最常见的先天性心脏畸形，约占先天性心脏病的30％。尽管开放性心脏手术被认为是一种标准治疗方法，但是基于导管的干预是一种有前途的替代方法，它具有较低的心肌损伤发生率，较少的输血量，更快的康复速度和较短的住院时间。此干预措施最相关的并发症是残余分流，与设备有关的心律失常，血管并发症，溶血，瓣膜功能障碍和设备栓塞。