AIM: To evaluate the role of seasonal and non‐seasonal productivity fluctuations in global patterns of species richness. LOCATION: Worldwide. TIME PERIOD: 2000–2017. MAJOR TAXA STUDIED: Amphibians, birds, mammals. METHODS: We analysed time series of monthly variation of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), a surrogate of primary productivity, within c. 100 km × 100 km cells across all continents, estimating the mean, periodic seasonal variation and aperiodic unpredictable fluctuations of the NDVI in these cells. We then explored the relationships between mean NDVI and the components of its temporal variation and evaluated the independent effects of the above‐mentioned variables on species richness in the three vertebrate groups by means of variation partitioning. RESULTS: There is a hump‐shaped relationship between mean productivity and variation in productivity, so that temporal variation in productivity is lowest in regions with minimum and maximum values of mean productivity. Although mean productivity is a strong determinant of species richness, both seasonal and non‐seasonal productivity variation significantly affect the species richness of all studied taxa when accounting for mean productivity. However, the direction of these effects differs between regions differing in the mean productivity level. High variation in productivity has a negative effect on species richness in regions with moderate to high productivity levels, whereas species richness is higher in arid regions with high variation in productivity. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Species richness is affected by temporal variation in productivity, but these effects differ regionally. In productive areas, high environmental stochasticity may increase population extinction rates, whereas arid regions probably benefit from resource fluctuations that promote species coexistence. Our results indicate that contemporary changes in patterns of temporal resource fluctuations may affect future global patterns of biological diversity on Earth.

中文翻译：

---

全球多样性模式受初级生产力的时间波动影响

目的：评估季节性和非季节性生产力波动在全球物种丰富度模式中的作用。地点：全球。时间段：2000-2017。研究的主要类群：两栖动物、鸟类、哺乳动物。方法：我们分析了标准化差异植被指数 (NDVI) 的月度变化时间序列，NDVI 是初级生产力的替代指标，在 c 范围内。跨越所有大陆的 100 公里 × 100 公里像元，估计这些像元中 NDVI 的平均、周期性季节性变化和非周期性不可预测波动。然后，我们探讨了平均 NDVI 与其时间变化分量之间的关系，并通过变异分区评估了上述变量对三个脊椎动物群中物种丰富度的独立影响。结果：平均生产率与生产率变化之间存在驼峰状关系，因此在平均生产率最小值和最大值的地区，生产率的时间变化最小。尽管平均生产力是物种丰富度的重要决定因素，但在考虑平均生产力时，季节性和非季节性生产力变化都会显着影响所有研究类群的物种丰富度。然而，这些影响的方向在平均生产力水平不同的地区之间有所不同。在生产力水平中高的地区，生产力的高变化对物种丰富度有负面影响，而在生产力变化大的干旱地区，物种丰富度更高。主要结论：物种丰富度受生产力的时间变化影响，但这些影响因地区而异。在生产区，高环境随机性可能会增加种群灭绝率，而干旱地区可能受益于促进物种共存的资源波动。我们的结果表明，时间资源波动模式的当代变化可能会影响地球上未来的全球生物多样性模式。