While science self-concepts of secondary school students have received considerable attention, several important aspects of chemistry self-concepts have not yet been understood: gender relations, the impact of students' cultural backgrounds, and the impact of chemistry self-concept on learning processes. In the present study, (i) we could confirm our hypothesis that chemistry self-concept is strongly related to learning goal orientations. This part of the study built upon knowledge from educational psychology. Our results open the field for practical interventions designed to influence chemistry self-concepts. (ii) We investigated the gender relations in chemistry self-concept with a special focus on students’ cultural backgrounds. The results show that chemistry self-concept differs from science self-concept: the gender gap traditionally described in the literature could not be found. Instead, the study suggests that an interaction of gender and cultural background might influence chemistry self-concepts. (iii) We were interested in the influence of the context of chemistry classroom and language on self-concept. In line with the literature, we found that a good relationship with the chemistry teacher seems to have a positive impact on chemistry self-concept. Also, the perception of chemistry language and chemistry self-concepts were strongly correlated. Suggestions are made for practical interventions based on these findings.

中文翻译：

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中学生的化学自我概念：性别和文化，以及化学自我概念对学习行为的影响

尽管中学生的科学自我概念受到了相当大的关注，但化学自我概念的几个重要方面尚未被理解：性别关系，学生文化背景的影响以及化学自我概念对学习过程的影响。在本研究中，（i）我们可以证实我们的假设，即化学自我概念与学习目标取向密切相关。研究的这一部分建立在教育心理学知识的基础上。我们的结果为旨在影响化学自我概念的实际干预开辟了领域。（ii）我们研究了化学自我概念中的性别关系，并特别关注学生的文化背景。结果表明，化学自我概念与科学自我概念不同：找不到文献中传统上描述的性别差距。相反，该研究表明性别和文化背景的相互作用可能会影响化学的自我概念。（iii）我们对化学课堂环境和语言对自我概念的影响感兴趣。根据文献，我们发现与化学老师的良好关系似乎对化学自我概念具有积极影响。同样，化学语言的感知与化学自我概念也密切相关。根据这些发现，提出了进行实际干预的建议。（iii）我们对化学课堂环境和语言对自我概念的影响感兴趣。根据文献，我们发现与化学老师的良好关系似乎对化学自我概念具有积极影响。同样，化学语言的感知与化学自我概念也密切相关。根据这些发现，提出了进行实际干预的建议。（iii）我们对化学课堂环境和语言对自我概念的影响感兴趣。根据文献，我们发现与化学老师的良好关系似乎对化学自我概念具有积极影响。同样，化学语言的感知与化学自我概念也密切相关。根据这些发现，提出了进行实际干预的建议。