Pregnancy presents a singular physiological scenario during which the maternal immune system must accommodate the semiallogeneic fetus. Fluctuations between pro- and anti-inflammatory states are required throughout gestation to facilitate uterine tissue remodeling, fetal growth and development, and finally birth. Tolerance for the fetus must be established and maintained without fundamentally compromising the maternal immune system function, so that both the mother and fetus are protected from foreign insults. Here, we review our current understanding of how genetic variation at both maternal and fetal loci affects implantation and placenta formation, thereby determining the likelihood of a successful pregnancy outcome or the development of pregnancy-related complications. We also consider the impact of pregnancy on both the maternal and fetal systemic immune systems and the related implications for modulating ongoing autoimmune diseases and triggering their development.

中文翻译：

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妊娠免疫遗传学和基因组学：对妊娠相关并发症和自身免疫疾病的影响。

怀孕呈现出一种独特的生理情况，在此期间母体免疫系统必须适应半异体胎儿。在整个妊娠期间，促炎状态和抗炎状态之间的波动需要促进子宫组织重塑、胎儿生长和发育以及最终的出生。必须在不从根本上损害母体免疫系统功能的情况下建立和维持对胎儿的耐受性，从而保护母体和胎儿免受外来侮辱。在这里，我们回顾了我们目前对母体和胎儿基因座的遗传变异如何影响植入和胎盘形成的理解，从而确定成功妊娠结局或妊娠相关并发症发生的可能性。