Integration of services into primary health care for people with common mental disorders is considered a key strategy to improve access to mental health care in low-income and middle-income countries, yet services at the primary care level are largely unavailable. We did a systematic review to understand the barriers and facilitators in the implementation of mental health programmes. We searched five databases and included studies published between Jan 1, 1990, and Sept 1, 2017, that used qualitative methods to assess the implementation of programmes for adults with common mental disorders at primary health-care settings in low-income and middle-income countries. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Checklist was used to assess the quality of eligible papers. We used the so-called best fit framework approach to synthesise findings according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. We identified 24 papers for inclusion. These papers described the implementation of nine programmes in 11 countries. Key factors included: the extent to which an organisation is ready for implementation; the attributes, knowledge, and beliefs of providers; complex service user needs; adaptability and perceived advantage of interventions; and the processes of planning and evaluating the implementation. Evidence on implementation of mental health programmes in low-income and middle-income countries is scarce. Synthesising results according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research helped to identify key areas for future action, including investment in primary health-care strengthening, capacity building for health providers, and increased support to address the social needs of service users.

将服务合并到常见精神障碍患者的初级保健中被认为是改善低收入和中等收入国家获得精神卫生服务的一项关键策略，但是初级保健水平上的服务基本上不可用。我们进行了系统的审查，以了解实施精神卫生计划的障碍和促进者。我们搜索了五个数据库，并纳入了1990年1月1日至2017年9月1日之间发表的研究，这些研究使用定性方法评估了低收入和中等收入的初级保健机构中常见精神障碍成年人计划的实施情况国家。关键评估技能计划定性检查表用于评估合格论文的质量。根据《实施研究综合框架》，我们使用了所谓的最佳匹配框架方法来综合研究结果。我们确定了24篇论文被收录。这些文件描述了在11个国家/地区实施的九项计划。关键因素包括：组织准备实施的程度；提供者的属性，知识和信念；复杂的服务用户需求；干预措施的适应性和感知优势；以及计划和评估实施的过程。在低收入和中等收入国家中缺乏实施精神卫生计划的证据。根据《合并实施研究框架》得出的综合结果有助于确定未来行动的关键领域，包括对加强初级卫生保健的投资，