Production of vegetable oils is a vital agricultural resource and oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is the third most important oil crop globally. Although the regulation of lipid biosynthesis in oilseeds is still not fully defined, the acyl-CoA-binding proteins (ACBPs) have been reported to be involved in such metabolism, including oil accumulation, in several plant species. In this study, progressive changes in gene expression in embryos and seed coats at different stages of seed development were comprehensively investigated by transcriptomic analyses in B. napus, revealing dynamic changes in the expression of genes involved in lipid biosynthesis. We show that genes encoding BnACBP proteins show distinct changes in expression at different developmental stages of seed development and show markedly different expression between embryos and seed coats. Both isoforms of the ankyrin-repeat BnACBP2 increased during the oil accumulation period of embryo development. By contrast, the expression of the three most abundant isoforms of the small molecular mass BnACBP6 in embryos showed progressive reduction, despite having the highest overall expression level. In seed coats, BnACBP3, BnACBP4 and BnACBP5 expression remained constant during development, whereas the two major isoforms of BnACBP6 increased, contrasting with the data from embryos. We conclude that genes related to fatty acid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis showing dynamic expression changes may regulate the lipid distribution in embryos and seed coats of B. napus and that BnACBP2 and BnACBP6 are potentially important for oil accumulation.

中文翻译：

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甘蓝型油菜种子成熟过程中的比较转录组学分析揭示了胚和种皮之间基因表达的动态变化以及脂类积累的酰基辅酶A结合蛋白的不同表达谱。

植物油的生产是重要的农业资源，油菜（甘蓝型油菜）是全球第三大重要的油料作物。尽管油籽中脂质生物合成的调控仍未完全确定，但据报道，酰基辅酶A结合蛋白（ACBP）参与了几种植物物种的这种代谢，包括油的积累。在这项研究中，通过转录组学分析了油菜双歧杆菌，全面调查了在种子发育不同阶段的胚和种皮中基因表达的进行性变化，揭示了参与脂质生物合成的基因表达的动态变化。我们表明，编码BnACBP蛋白的基因在种子发育的不同发育阶段表现出明显的变化，并且在胚和种皮之间表现出明显不同的表达。锚蛋白重复序列​​BnACBP2的两种同工型在胚胎发育的油积累期间均增加。相比之下，尽管总体表达水平最高，但小分子BnACBP6的三种最丰富的同工型在胚胎中的表达却逐渐降低。在种皮中，BnACBP3，BnACBP4和BnACBP5的表达在发育过程中保持恒定，而BnACBP6的两个主要同工型增加，与胚胎数据相反。我们得出结论，与脂肪酸和三酰基甘油生物合成相关的基因显示动态表达变化，可能调节油菜双歧杆菌的胚和种皮中的脂质分布，并且BnACBP2和BnACBP6对油的积累潜在重要。