INTRODUCTION Phoenix dactylifera L. (date palm) is one of the most valued crops worldwide for its economical and nutraceutical applications of its date fruit (pericarp). Currently date pits, considered as a waste product, is employed as coffee substitute post roasting. Whereas, pollen represents another valuable by-product used as a dietary supplement. OBJECTIVES In this study, a large-scale comparative metabolomics approach was performed for the first characterization and standardization of date palm by-products viz., date pits and pollen. Moreover, roasting impact on date pit metabolite composition was also assessed. METHODS Metabolites profiling of pits and pollen was determined via a multiplex approach of UPLC-MS and NMR, coupled to multivariate analysis, in relation to its antioxidant activities. RESULTS Chemical analyses led to the identification of 67 metabolites viz., phenolic acids, flavonols, fatty acids, sphingolipids, steroids and saponins of which 10 are first time to be reported. The enrichment of steroids in date pollen accounts for its fertility promoting properties, whereas date pit was found a rich source for antioxidant polyphenols using metabolomics.

中文翻译：

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有关其抗氧化作用的椰枣（Phoenix dactylifera L.）商业副产物（花粉和花粉）的代谢物谱图：MS和NMR代谢物组学的多元方法。

简介凤凰dactylifera L.（枣椰子）因其枣果（果皮）的经济和营养应用而成为世界上最有价值的作物之一。当前，被认为是废物的枣核被用作咖啡替代品的后焙烧。而花粉代表用作膳食补充剂的另一种有价值的副产品。目的在这项研究中，大规模的比较代谢组学方法进行了首次表征和标准化的枣椰子副产品，即枣核和花粉。此外，还评估了焙烧对枣核代谢产物组成的影响。方法通过UPLC-MS和NMR的多重方法，结合多变量分析，确定其坑和花粉的代谢物的抗氧化活性。结果化学分析鉴定出67种代谢物，即酚酸，黄酮醇，脂肪酸，鞘脂，类固醇和皂苷，其中10种是首次报道。枣花粉中​​类固醇的富集是其促进生育力的原因，而枣树坑是利用代谢组学方法发现的富含抗氧化剂多酚的来源。