Environmental stresses cause membrane damage in terrestrial plants. Studies on the lipids obtained from these plants are required to understand their adaptation to climate change. Recently, a number of plant leaf lipidomic studies converged on the topic of chloroplastic glycerolipid remodeling and triacylglycerol production. In this review, we show that among various abiotic stresses, plant leaves under heat stress specifically increase the levels of galactolipids containing linoleate (18:2) in chloroplasts; phospholipids containing palmitate (16:0), stearate (18:0), and oleate (18:1) in the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane; and triacylglycerol containing α-linolenate (18:3) and hexadecatrienoic acid (16:3) as lipid droplets in the leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana. Recent studies have proposed responsible genes for the lipid remodeling under heat stress, highlighting the importance of the catabolic process of chloroplastic monogalactosyldiacylglycerol. This review comprehensively describes glycerolipid compositional changes in plant leaves under heat stress detected by lipidomic analyses and compares them with those under other abiotic stresses. We will discuss the physiological significance underlying the observed lipid metabolism under heat stress. Detailed knowledge about plant lipid remodeling can aid in the development of solutions to deal with the consequences of climate change, including global warming.

环境压力会导致陆地植物的膜受损。需要对从这些植物中获得的脂质进行研究，以了解它们对气候变化的适应性。最近，许多植物叶片脂质组学研究集中在叶绿体甘油脂重塑和三酰基甘油的生产上。在这篇综述中，我们显示了在各种非生物胁迫中，热胁迫下的植物叶片会特异性地增加叶绿体中含有亚油酸酯（18：2）的半乳糖脂的水平。在内质网和质膜中含有棕榈酸酯（16：0），硬脂酸酯（18：0）和油酸酯（18：1）的磷脂; 拟南芥叶片中含有α-亚油酸酯（18：3）和十六碳三烯酸（16：3）作为脂质滴的三酰基甘油。最近的研究提出了负责任的基因，用于热应激下的脂质重塑，突显了叶绿体单半乳糖基二酰基甘油的分解代谢过程的重要性。这篇综述全面描述了通过脂质组学分析检测到的热胁迫下植物叶片中甘油脂成分的变化，并将其与其他非生物胁迫下的甘油脂组成变化进行了比较。我们将讨论在热应激下观察到的脂质代谢的生理学意义。有关植物脂质重塑的详细知识可以帮助开发解决方案，以应对气候变化的后果，包括全球变暖。