BACKGROUND Micronutrients are known to modulate host immunity, and there is limited literature on this association in the context of dengue virus infection (DENV). METHODS Using a nested case-control design in a surveillance program, we measured the following: anthropometry; nutritional biomarkers including serum ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor, retinol-binding protein (RBP), 25-hydroxy vitamin D, folate, and vitamin B12; and a panel of immune response markers. We then compared these measures across 4 illness categories: healthy control, nonfebrile DENV, other febrile illness (OFI), and apparent DENV using multivariate polytomous logistic regression models. RESULTS Among 142 participants, serum ferritin (ng/mL) was associated with apparent DENV compared to healthy controls (odds ratio [OR], 2.66; confidence interval [CI], 1.53-4.62; P = .001), and RBP concentrations (µmol/L) were associated with apparent DENV (OR, 0.03; CI, 0.00-0.30; P = .003) and OFI (OR, 0.02; CI, 0.00-0.24; P = .003). In a subset of 71 participants, interleukin-15 levels (median fluorescent intensity) were positively associated with apparent DENV (OR, 1.09; CI, 1.03-1.14; P = .001) and negatively associated with nonfebrile DENV (OR, 0.89; CI, 0.80-0.99; P = .03) compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS After adjusting for the acute-phase response, serum ferritin and RBP concentrations were associated with apparent DENV and may represent biomarkers of clinical importance in the context of dengue illness.

中文翻译：

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厄瓜多尔沿海地区的微量营养素，免疫学参数和登革热病毒感染：传染病监测计划中的嵌套病例对照研究。

背景技术已知微量营养素可调节宿主免疫力，并且在登革热病毒感染（DENV）的背景下，关于这种关联的文献有限。方法在监视程序中使用嵌套的病例对照设计，我们测量了以下各项：人体测量法；营养生物标志物，包括血清铁蛋白，可溶性转铁蛋白受体，视黄醇结合蛋白（RBP），25-羟基维生素D，叶酸和维生素B12；和一组免疫反应标记。然后，我们使用多元多因素Logistic回归模型比较了4种疾病类别的这些指标：健康对照，非发热性DENV，其他发热性疾病（OFI）和表观DENV。结果在142名参与者中，与健康对照组相比，血清铁蛋白（ng / mL）与表观DENV相关（比值比[OR]为2.66；置信区间[CI]为1.53-4.62； P =。001）和RBP浓度（µmol / L）与表观DENV（OR，0.03; CI，0.00-0.30; P = 0.003）和OFI（OR，0.02; CI，0.00-0.24; P = 0.003）相关。在71名参与者的子集中，白介素15水平（中值荧光强度）与表观DENV正相关（OR为1.09； CI为1.03-1.14； P = .001），与非发热性DENV正相关（OR为0.89； CI） （0.80-0.99； P = .03）与健康对照组相比。结论调整急性期反应后，血清铁蛋白和RBP浓度与明显的DENV有关，在登革热疾病中可能代表具有重要临床意义的生物标志物。白细胞介素15水平（中值荧光强度）与表观DENV正相关（OR，1.09; CI，1.03-1.14; P = .001），与非发热性DENV负相关（OR，0.89; CI，0.80-0.99; P = .03）与健康对照相比。结论调整急性期反应后，血清铁蛋白和RBP浓度与明显的DENV有关，在登革热疾病中可能代表具有重要临床意义的生物标志物。白细胞介素15水平（中值荧光强度）与表观DENV正相关（OR为1.09； CI为1.03-1.14； P = .001），与非发热性DENV为负相关（OR为0.89； CI为0.80-0.99； P = .03）与健康对照相比。结论调整急性期反应后，血清铁蛋白和RBP浓度与明显的DENV有关，在登革热疾病中可能代表具有重要临床意义的生物标志物。