This study assesses the knowledge and perceptions of potential participants in a payment for watershed services (PWS) scheme in a watershed containing a reservoir and hydropower plant in Indonesia. Information was collected by interviewing watershed service providers such as upland farmers and downstream beneficiaries of services i.e. fishers, rest area operators, tourists, and the power plant manager. The study found some challenges if relying on stated preference values as a basis for a workable PWS scheme, specifically asymmetric information among stakeholders. Upland farmers did not realize their location within the upland of a watershed whose activities affect the quality of watershed services. Watershed users similarly do not know what activities their counterparts do in the upland. The study reveals market forces are a driver of livelihoods in the watershed. It concludes that prior to introducing a PWS scheme it is: 1/important to address any asymmetric information across stakeholders (e.g. through farmer extension services); and 2/consideration should be given to fluctuating commodity price subsidies so to sustain farmers’ livelihoods and ensure they maintain sustainable management practices for the uninterrupted and long term supply of watershed services. This study provides important lessons for other regions struggling with the same issues.

这项研究评估了在印度尼西亚有水库和水力发电厂的分水岭的分水岭付费服务（PWS）计划中潜在参与者的知识和看法。通过采访流域服务提供商（例如高地农民和服务的下游受益者，例如渔民，休息区运营商，游客和电厂经理）来收集信息。这项研究发现，如果依靠既定的偏好值作为可行的PWS计划的基础，尤其是利益相关者之间的信息不对称，则会遇到一些挑战。高地农民没有意识到他们在流域高地内部的位置，其活动会影响流域服务的质量。流域用户同样也不知道他们的伙伴在高地进行什么活动。研究表明，市场力量是流域生计的驱动力。结论是，在引入PWS方案之前，它是：1 /解决跨利益相关者的任何不对称信息（例如，通过农民扩展服务）很重要；2 /应考虑到浮动的商品价格补贴，以维持农民的生计，并确保他们为流域服务的不间断和长期提供可持续的管理做法。这项研究为其他面临同样问题的地区提供了重要的经验教训。2 /应考虑到浮动的商品价格补贴，以维持农民的生计，并确保他们为流域服务的不间断和长期提供可持续的管理做法。这项研究为其他面临同样问题的地区提供了重要的经验教训。2 /应考虑波动的商品价格补贴，以维持农民的生计，并确保他们为流域服务的不间断和长期提供可持续的管理做法。这项研究为其他面临同样问题的地区提供了重要的经验教训。