The reconstitution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen-specific CD4 T cells in a cohort of HIV-infected persons starting antiretroviral treatment (ART) in a high tuberculosis endemic area is described. Restoration of the antigen-specific CD4 T-cell subsets mirrored the overall CD4 T-cell compartment. Activation (assessed by HLA-DR expression) decreased during ART but remained elevated compared to HIV-uninfected persons. Despite known M. tuberculosis sensitization determined by interferon-γ release assay, 12/23 participants had no M. tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cells detectable by flow cytometry, combined with overall elevated T-cell activation and memory differentiation, suggesting heightened turnover. Our data suggest early ART initiation to maintain polyfunctional immune memory responses.

中文翻译：

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在抗逆转录病毒治疗的前6个月中，结核病抗原特异性T细胞反应。

描述了在高结核病流行地区开始抗病毒治疗（ART）的一组HIV感染者中结核分枝杆菌抗原特异性CD4 T细胞的重建。抗原特异性CD4 T细胞亚群的恢复反映了整个CD4 T细胞区室。与未感染艾滋病毒的人相比，抗逆转录病毒治疗期间的活化（通过HLA-DR表达评估）有所降低，但仍保持较高水平。尽管通过干扰素-γ释放测定法确定了已知的结核分枝杆菌致敏性，但12/23的参与者仍无法通过流式细胞术检测到结核分枝杆菌特异性CD4 T细胞，同时总体上T细胞活化和记忆分化增强，提示营业额增加。我们的数据表明早期ART的启动，以维持多功能免疫记忆反应。