Fungal contamination of food and animal feed, especially by mycotoxigenic fungi, is not only a global food quality concern for food manufacturers, but it also poses serious health concerns because of the production of a variety of mycotoxins, some of which present considerable food safety challenges. In today's mega‐scale food and feed productions, which involve a number of processing steps and the use of a variety of ingredients, fungal contamination is regarded as unavoidable, even good manufacturing practices are followed. Chemical preservatives, to some extent, are successful in retarding microbial growth and achieving considerably longer shelf‐life. However, the increasing demand for clean label products requires manufacturers to find natural alternatives to replace chemically derived ingredients to guarantee the clean label. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), with the status generally recognized as safe (GRAS), are apprehended as an apt choice to be used as natural preservatives in food and animal feed to control fungal growth and subsequent mycotoxin production. LAB species produce a vast spectrum of antifungal metabolites to inhibit fungal growth; and also have the capacity to adsorb, degrade, or detoxify fungal mycotoxins including ochratoxins, aflatoxins, and Fusarium toxins. The potential of many LAB species to circumvent spoilage associated with fungi has been exploited in a variety of human food and animal feed stuff. This review provides the most recent updates on the ability of LAB to serve as antifungal and anti‐mycotoxigenic agents. In addition, some recent trends of the use of LAB as biopreservative agents against fungal growth and mycotoxin production are highlighted.

中文翻译：

---

乳酸菌作为抗真菌药和抗真菌毒素药的研究综述

食品和动物饲料中的真菌污染，特别是被产毒毒素真菌污染，不仅是食品制造商关注的全球食品质量问题，而且还由于生产多种霉菌毒素而引起严重的健康问题，其中有些真菌毒素对食品安全提出了严峻的挑战。在当今的大规模食品和饲料生产中，涉及许多加工步骤和使用各种成分，真菌污染被认为是不可避免的，即使遵循良好的生产规范也是如此。化学防腐剂在一定程度上成功地阻止了微生物的生长并显着延长了保质期。但是，对清洁标签产品的需求不断增加，要求制造商寻找天然替代品来替代化学衍生成分以保证清洁标签。人们普遍认为乳酸菌（LAB）具有良好的安全性（GRAS），可以用作食品和动物饲料中的天然防腐剂，以控制真菌的生长和随后产生的霉菌毒素。LAB物种产生广泛的抗真菌代谢产物，以抑制真菌的生长。并具有吸附，降解或解毒真菌真菌毒素的能力，包括曲霉毒素，黄曲霉毒素和镰刀菌毒素。在许多人类食品和动物饲料中，已经开发出许多LAB物种规避与真菌相关的腐败变质的潜力。该评价提供了LAB用作抗真菌和抗霉菌毒素药物的能力的最新更新。另外，突出了使用LAB作为抗真菌生长和真菌毒素产生的生物防腐剂的一些最新趋势。