Muscle is one of the important economic traits in poultry production, and its production depends on the increased number of muscle fibers during the embryonic stage. Chicken GHR gene can transcribe in double directions, possessing not only GHR-S but also GHR-AS. The 2 kinds of transcripts are partially complementation in sequences and interact with each other. Until now, the roles and mechanisms of GHR-AS in myoblast differentiation was still unknown. In this study, we not only analyzed the GHR-AS expression patterns in myoblast differentiation phase but also clarified that GHR-AS promoted myoblast differentiation via GH-GHR-IGF1 signal pathway. Quantitative PCR analysis indicated that GHR-AS was increased during myoblast differentiation. Sub-cellular localization showed that GHR-AS and GHR-S were expressed at a higher level in the nucleus than that in the cytoplasm. The expression of MyoD and MyHC and the myoblast differentiation significantly increased after GHR-AS overexpression, while the distance between wounds decreased, suggesting that GHR-AS repressed myoblast migration and promoted differentiation. Additionally, the expression of GHR-AS, IGF1 and MyHC increased after GH protein treated, and the myoblast differentiation also increased. In conclusion, GHR-AS promoted myoblast differentiation by enhancing fusion and inhibiting migration possibly via GH-GHR-IGF1 signal pathway.

中文翻译：

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鸡生长激素受体反义转录物在鸡肌肉发育和成肌细胞分化中的作用。

肌肉是家禽生产中重要的经济性状之一，其产量取决于胚胎期肌肉纤维数量的增加。鸡GHR基因可以双向转录，不仅具有GHR-S，还具有GHR-AS。两种转录本在序列上部分互补并相互作用。到目前为止，GHR-AS 在成肌细胞分化中的作用和机制仍然未知。在本研究中，我们不仅分析了成肌细胞分化期的 GHR-AS 表达模式，还阐明了 GHR-AS 通过 GH-GHR-IGF1 信号通路促进成肌细胞分化。定量 PCR 分析表明 GHR-AS 在成肌细胞分化期间增加。亚细胞定位显示GHR-AS和GHR-S在细胞核中的表达水平高于在细胞质中的表达。GHR-AS过表达后MyoD和MyHC的表达和成肌细胞分化显着增加，而伤口之间的距离减小，表明GHR-AS抑制成肌细胞迁移并促进分化。此外，GH蛋白处理后GHR-AS、IGF1和MyHC的表达增加，成肌细胞分化也增加。总之，GHR-AS可能通过GH-GHR-IGF1信号通路增强融合和抑制迁移来促进成肌细胞分化。表明 GHR-AS 抑制成肌细胞迁移并促进分化。此外，GH蛋白处理后GHR-AS、IGF1和MyHC的表达增加，成肌细胞分化也增加。总之，GHR-AS可能通过GH-GHR-IGF1信号通路增强融合和抑制迁移来促进成肌细胞分化。表明 GHR-AS 抑制成肌细胞迁移并促进分化。此外，GH蛋白处理后GHR-AS、IGF1和MyHC的表达增加，成肌细胞分化也增加。总之，GHR-AS可能通过GH-GHR-IGF1信号通路增强融合和抑制迁移来促进成肌细胞分化。