All organisms age, but the extent to which all organisms age the same way remains a fundamental unanswered question in biology. Across species, it is now clear that at least some aspects of aging are highly conserved and are perhaps universal, but other mechanisms of aging are private to individual species or sets of closely related species. Within the same species, however, it has generally been assumed that the molecular mechanisms of aging are largely invariant from one individual to the next. With the development of new tools for studying aging at the individual cell level in budding yeast, recent data has called this assumption into question. There is emerging evidence that individual yeast mother cells may undergo fundamentally different trajectories of aging. Individual trajectories of aging are difficult to study by traditional population level assays, but through the application of systems biology approaches combined with novel microfluidic technologies, it is now possible to observe and study these phenomena in real time. Understanding the spectrum of mechanisms that determine how different individuals age is a necessary step toward the goal of personalized geroscience, where healthy longevity is optimized for each individual.

中文翻译：

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衰老的轨迹：酵母中的系统生物学如何阐明个性化衰老的机制。

所有有机体都会衰老，但所有有机体以相同方式衰老的程度仍然是生物学中未解决的基本问题。跨物种，现在很清楚至少衰老的某些方面是高度保守的并且可能是普遍的，但其他衰老机制是个别物种或一组密切相关的物种所独有的。然而，在同一物种中，人们普遍认为衰老的分子机制在很大程度上在个体之间是不变的。随着用于研究出芽酵母中单个细胞水平老化的新工具的开发，最近的数据对这一假设提出了质疑。越来越多的证据表明，个体酵母母细胞可能经历根本不同的衰老轨迹。个体的衰老轨迹很难通过传统的人口水平分析来研究，但通过应用系统生物学方法结合新型微流体技术，现在可以实时观察和研究这些现象。了解决定不同个体年龄的机制范围是实现个性化老年科学目标的必要步骤，在个性化老年科学中，每个人的健康长寿都得到优化。