Interplay between paternal germline and maternal effects in shaping development: The overlooked importance of behavioural ecology,Functional Ecology

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Interplay between paternal germline and maternal effects in shaping development: The overlooked importance of behavioural ecology
Functional Ecology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-08-01 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13411
Frances A. Champagne ₁

Affiliation

Environmental conditions can have a lasting epigenetic impact on development, and there is increasing evidence that these effects can be transmitted across generations. Evidence for parental transmission of epigenetic variation to offspring has been primarily focused on paternal epigenetic influences induced by a male's experience of nutritional, social and toxicological exposures. There is an assumption in the literature that paternal influence on offspring in non‐biparental species is mediated exclusively through epigenetic transmission via the germline. However, integration of concepts from behavioural ecology into the study of parental transmission of environmental effects reveals the importance of mating tactics and maternal–paternal interplay in shaping resource allocation towards offspring in considering the mechanism(s) of epigenetic transmission. This paper describes the current state of knowledge regarding paternal epigenetic germline effects, the interplay between maternal and paternal influences and the importance of considering the complex nature of reproduction when predicting the transmission of phenotype across generations. Further, this paper highlights how incorporating concepts from behavioural ecology into the study of epigenetic transmission can refine predictions of phenotypes that emerge and create a more integrated notion of development and inheritance. It is proposed that theoretical and methodological approaches that consider the impact of reproductive context, which include mating dynamics, fertility, variation in parental life history and assessment of maternal effects, could improve the predictions made within studies of paternal epigenetic effects on offspring development. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

中文翻译：

父系生殖系与母系影响在发育过程中的相互作用：行为生态学被忽视的重要性

环境条件会对发育产生持久的表观遗传影响，越来越多的证据表明这些影响可以代代相传。父母将表观遗传变异传递给后代的证据主要集中在由男性的营养、社会和毒理学暴露经验引起的父本表观遗传影响。文献中有一个假设，即父系对非双亲物种后代的影响完全是通过生殖系的表观遗传传递来介导的。然而，将行为生态学的概念整合到环境影响的亲代传递研究中，揭示了在考虑表观遗传传递机制时，交配策略和母本-父本相互作用在塑造对后代的资源分配方面的重要性。本文描述了有关父系表观遗传生殖系效应、母系和父系影响之间的相互作用以及在预测表型跨代传递时考虑繁殖的复杂性质的重要性的当前知识状态。此外，本文强调了如何将行为生态学的概念纳入表观遗传传播的研究中，可以改进对出现的表型的预测，并创建一个更完整的发展和遗传概念。建议考虑生殖环境影响的理论和方法论方法，包括交配动态、生育能力、父母生活史的变化和母体影响的评估，可以改进在父系表观遗传对后代发育影响的研究中做出的预测。可以在本文的支持信息中找到免费的普通语言摘要。

更新日期：2019-08-01

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