Molecular Metabolism ( IF 7.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.06.026 Daniela D Weber 1 , Sepideh Aminzadeh-Gohari 1 , Julia Tulipan 1 , Luca Catalano 1 , René G Feichtinger 1 , Barbara Kofler 1
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Background
Cancer is one of the greatest public health challenges worldwide, and we still lack complementary approaches to significantly enhance the efficacy of standard anticancer therapies. The ketogenic diet, a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet with adequate amounts of protein, appears to sensitize most cancers to standard treatment by exploiting the reprogramed metabolism of cancer cells, making the diet a promising candidate as an adjuvant cancer therapy.
Scope of review
To critically evaluate available preclinical and clinical evidence regarding the ketogenic diet in the context of cancer therapy. Furthermore, we highlight important mechanisms that could explain the potential antitumor effects of the ketogenic diet.
Major conclusions
The ketogenic diet probably creates an unfavorable metabolic environment for cancer cells and thus can be regarded as a promising adjuvant as a patient-specific multifactorial therapy. The majority of preclinical and several clinical studies argue for the use of the ketogenic diet in combination with standard therapies based on its potential to enhance the antitumor effects of classic chemo- and radiotherapy, its overall good safety and tolerability and increase in quality of life. However, to further elucidate the mechanisms of the ketogenic diet as a therapy and evaluate its application in clinical practice, more molecular studies as well as uniformly controlled clinical trials are needed.
中文翻译：
生酮饮食在癌症治疗中的应用——我们的立场如何？
背景
癌症是全球最大的公共卫生挑战之一，我们仍然缺乏显着增强标准抗癌疗法疗效的补充方法。生酮饮食是一种高脂肪、低碳水化合物饮食，含有足够的蛋白质，通过利用癌细胞重新编程的代谢，似乎可以使大多数癌症对标准治疗敏感，使该饮食成为辅助癌症治疗的有希望的候选者。
审查范围
严格评估有关癌症治疗背景下生酮饮食的现有临床前和临床证据。此外，我们强调了可以解释生酮饮食潜在抗肿瘤作用的重要机制。
主要结论
生酮饮食可能会为癌细胞创造不利的代谢环境，因此可以被视为一种有前途的患者特异性多因素疗法的佐剂。大多数临床前和一些临床研究都主张将生酮饮食与标准疗法结合使用，因为生酮饮食有可能增强经典化疗和放疗的抗肿瘤作用，其总体安全性和耐受性良好，并且可以提高生活质量。然而，为了进一步阐明生酮饮食作为一种疗法的机制并评估其在临床实践中的应用，需要更多的分子研究以及统一对照的临床试验。
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