Sex determination is a complex process, especially in fish where multiple models of sex determination can be identified. The fate of differentiating gonads may depend on species genetics, environmental or behavioural factors. In the case of the sturgeon, sex determination is most likely of genetic origin and is characterized by a ZW female heterogametic system. However, molecular mechanisms of sex development and differentiation in sturgeons are poorly understood. Due to the lack of sexual dimorphism and a long period of maturation combined with invaluable caviar obtained from sturgeons, plenty of research revolving around discovering master sex‐determining gene has been done. Yet, despite numerous studies utilizing multiple approaches and techniques to find key genes involved in sex differentiation, no master sex‐determining genes were identified in sturgeons. Nevertheless, the latest research provided a great deal of data regarding the expression of genes commonly related with sex development and differentiation in vertebrates. Several of these genes were found to be connected with the same processes in sturgeons. This review attempts to summarize research into the expression of genes involved in sex differentiation and development in sturgeons.

中文翻译：

---

综述：st鱼中性别分化的分子机制

性别确定是一个复杂的过程，尤其是在鱼类中，可以确定多种性别确定模型。性腺分化的命运可能取决于物种的遗传，环境或行为因素。就the鱼而言，性别确定很可能是遗传起源的，其特征是ZW雌性异配子系统。然而，对st鱼性发育和分化的分子机制了解甚少。由于缺乏性二态性和长期成熟，再加上从st鱼中获得的宝贵鱼子酱，围绕发现主要性别决定基因的大量研究已经完成。然而，尽管进行了许多研究，利用多种方法和技术来寻找与性别分化有关的关键基因，在st鱼中没有发现主要的性别决定基因。尽管如此，最新的研究提供了大量有关脊椎动物中与性别发育和分化相关的基因表达的数据。发现这些基因中的几个与st鱼的相同过程有关。这篇综述试图总结对into鱼性别分化和发育相关基因表达的研究。