Abstract Neutron-induced nuclear reactions are of key importance for a variety of applications in basic and applied science. Apart from nuclear reactors, accelerator-based neutron sources play a major role in experimental studies, especially for the determination of reaction cross sections over a wide energy span from sub-thermal to GeV energies. After an overview of present and upcoming facilities, this article deals with state-of-the-art detectors and equipment, including the often difficult sample problem. These issues are illustrated at selected examples of measurements for nuclear astrophysics and reactor technology with emphasis on their intertwined relations.

中文翻译：

---

使用加速器的中子物理学

摘要 中子诱发的核反应对于基础科学和应用科学的各种应用至关重要。除了核反应堆，基于加速器的中子源在实验研究中也发挥着重要作用，尤其是在从亚热能到 GeV 能量的广泛能量范围内确定反应截面。在概述了现有和即将使用的设施之后，本文将讨论最先进的探测器和设备，包括通常难以解决的样品问题。这些问题在选定的核天体物理学和反应堆技术测量示例中得到了说明，重点是它们相互交织的关系。