Size-controlled hollow Fe₃O₄ nanospheres were synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal method as a function of reaction time and sodium citrate, polyacrylamide, and urea content. Multiple characterization techniques such as scanning and transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were employed to investigate the crystal structure and morphology of the obtained nanospheres. The Fe₃O₄ nanosphere formation mechanism was elucidated from analyzing the characterization data. High levels of sodium citrate and longer reaction times were observed to increase the diameter of the nanospheres until hollow structures formed. Furthermore, polyacrylamide and urea promoted the formation of hollow structures. The hollow-structured Fe₃O₄ nanospheres exhibited high magnetization saturation values in the range of 48.8–58.7 emu/g. The facile synthesis method described herein, to generate size-controlled Fe₃O₄ nanospheres with tailored properties, demonstrates potential across a wide range of fields from drug-delivery and stealth devices, to environmental and energy applications.

通过一锅水热法合成尺寸可控的空心Fe ₃ O ₄纳米球，该反应是反应时间和柠檬酸钠，聚丙烯酰胺和尿素含量的函数。多种表征技术，例如扫描和透射电子显微镜以及拉曼光谱法，用于研究获得的纳米球的晶体结构和形态。通过分析表征数据阐明了Fe ₃ O ₄纳米球的形成机理。观察到高含量的柠檬酸钠和更长的反应时间会增加纳米球的直径，直到形成空心结构。此外，聚丙烯酰胺和尿素促进了中空结构的形成。空心铁₃ O ₄纳米球表现出较高的磁化饱和度值，范围为48.8-58.7 emu / g。本文所述的容易的合成方法，以产生具有定制性质的尺寸受控的Fe ₃ O ₄纳米球，证明了在从药物递送和隐形装置到环境和能源应用的广泛领域中的潜力。