Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. In the past decades, numbers of promising drug candidates showed significant anti‐AD effects in preclinical studies but failed in clinical trials. One of the major reasons might be the limitation of appropriate animal models for evaluating anti‐AD drugs. More than 95% of AD cases are sporadic AD (sAD). However, the anti‐AD drug candidates were mainly tested in the familial AD (fAD) animal models. The diversity between the sAD and fAD might lead to a high failure rate during the development of anti‐AD drugs. Therefore, an ideal sAD animal model is urgently needed for the development of anti‐AD drugs. Here, we summarized the available sAD animal models, including their methodology, pathologic features, and potential underlying mechanisms. The limitations of these sAD animal models and future trends in the field were also discussed.

中文翻译：

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偶发性阿尔茨海默氏病动物模型的研究进展。

痴呆最常见的形式是阿尔茨海默氏病（AD），是一种进行性神经退行性疾病。在过去的几十年中，许多有前途的候选药物在临床前研究中显示出显着的抗AD作用，但在临床试验中却失败了。主要原因之一可能是限制了用于评估抗AD药物的动物模型的局限性。超过95％的AD病例是偶发性AD（sAD）。但是，抗AD候选药物主要在家族性AD（fAD）动物模型中进行了测试。sAD和fAD之间的差异可能会导致抗AD药物开发过程中的高失败率。因此，迫切需要一种理想的sAD动物模型来开发抗AD药物。在这里，我们总结了可用的sAD动物模型，包括它们的方法，病理特征和潜在的潜在机制。