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Genomic signatures of seed mass adaptation to global precipitation gradients in sorghum
Heredity ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-17 , DOI: 10.1038/s41437-019-0249-4
Jianan Wang 1 , Zhenbin Hu 1 , Hari D Upadhyaya 1, 2, 3 , Geoffrey P Morris 1
Affiliation  

Seed mass is a key component of adaptation in plants and a determinant of yield in crops. The climatic drivers and genomic basis of seed mass variation remain poorly understood. In the cereal crop Sorghum bicolor , globally-distributed landraces harbor abundant variation in seed mass, which is associated with precipitation in their agroclimatic zones of origin. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that diversifying selection across precipitation gradients, acting on ancestral cereal grain size regulators, underlies seed mass variation in global sorghum germplasm. We tested this hypothesis in a set of 1901 georeferenced and genotyped sorghum landraces, 100-seed mass from common gardens, and bioclimatic precipitation variables. As predicted, 100-seed mass in global germplasm varies significantly among botanical races and is correlated to proxies of the precipitation gradients. With general and mixed linear model genome-wide associations, we identified 29 and 56 of 100 a priori candidate seed size genes with polymorphisms in the top 1% of seed mass association, respectively. Eleven of these genes harbor polymorphisms associated with the precipitation gradient, including orthologs of genes that regulate seed size in other cereals. With FarmCPU, 13 significant SNPs were identified, including one at an a priori candidate gene. Finally, we identified eleven colocalized outlier SNPs associated with seed mass and precipitation that also carry signatures of selection based on F ST scans and PCAdapt, which represents a significant enrichment. Our findings suggest that seed mass in sorghum was shaped by diversifying selection on drought stress, and can inform genomics-enabled breeding for climate-resilient cereals.

中文翻译:

种子质量适应高粱全球降水梯度的基因组特征

种子质量是植物适应的关键组成部分,也是作物产量的决定因素。种子质量变异的气候驱动因素和基因组基础仍然知之甚少。在谷类作物双色高粱中,全球分布的地方品种的种子质量差异很大,这与其农业气候区的降水有关。本研究旨在验证这样一个假设,即跨降水梯度的多样化选择,作用于祖先的谷物粒度调节剂,是全球高粱种质种子质量变化的基础。我们在一组 1901 个地理参考和基因分型的高粱地方品种、来自普通花园的 100 粒种子质量和生物气候降水变量中检验了这一假设。正如预测的那样,全球种质中的 100 粒种子质量在植物种族之间存在显着差异,并且与降水梯度的代理相关。通过一般和混合线性模型全基因组关联,我们分别在种子质量关联的前 1% 中确定了具有多态性的 100 个先验候选种子大小基因中的 29 个和 56 个。其中11个基因具有与降水梯度相关的多态性,包括调节其他谷物种子大小的基因的直系同源物。使用 FarmCPU,鉴定了 13 个重要的 SNP,包括一个先验候选基因。最后,我们确定了 11 个与种子质量和降水相关的共定位异常 SNP,它们也携带基于 F ST 扫描和 PCAdapt 的选择特征,这代表了显着的富集。
更新日期:2019-07-17
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