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Stringent response protein as a potential target to intervene persistent bacterial infection.
Biochimie ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.07.006
Gajraj Singh Kushwaha 1 , Bolaji Fatai Oyeyemi 1 , Neel Sarovar Bhavesh 1
Affiliation  

More than half of the world's population is infected with persistent bacterial infections, consequently, persisters are gradually becoming a major public health concern. During the persistent phase, bacterial pathogens deploy many regulatory strategies to compensate unfavorable host environmental conditions. The stringent response is one of such gene regulatory mechanisms which is stimulated by nutrient starvation. It is regulated by the synthesis of highly phosphorylated signaling nucleotides, (p)ppGpp or alarmone. (p)ppGpp is synthesized by ppGpp synthetases, and these proteins are classified as RelA/SpoT homolog (RSH) proteins. Subsequently, (p)ppGpp modulate several molecular and biochemical processes ranging from transcription to metabolism. Imperativeness of (p)ppGpp synthetases has been investigated by numerous approaches including microbiology and animal studies, thereby establishing that Rel enzyme deleted strains of pathogenic bacteria were unable to transform in persister form. In this review, we summarize recent findings to corroborate the rationality to consider (p)ppGpp synthetase as a potential target in discovering a novel class of antimicrobial agents to combat persistent infections. Moreover, inhibition studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (p)ppGpp synthetase shows that these inhibitors prevent dormant state transition and biofilm formation. Also, we have highlighted the structural biology of (p)ppGpp synthetases, which may provide significant information that could be used in structure-based inhibitor design.

中文翻译:

严格的应答蛋白作为干预持续性细菌感染的潜在靶标。

世界上超过一半的人口感染了持续性细菌感染,因此,持续性者正逐渐成为主要的公共卫生问题。在持续阶段,细菌病原体采用许多调节策略来补偿不利的宿主环境条件。严格的应答是营养饥饿导致的这种基因调节机制之一。它受高度磷酸化的信号核苷酸(p)ppGpp或警报蛋白的合成调控。(p)ppGpp是通过ppGpp合成酶合成的,这些蛋白质被分类为RelA / SpoT同源物(RSH)蛋白质。随后,(p)ppGpp调节了从转录到代谢的多种分子和生化过程。(p)ppGpp合成酶的必要性已经通过包括微生物学和动物研究在内的许多方法进行了研究,从而确定了Rel酶缺失的致病细菌菌株无法以持久性形式转化。在这篇综述中,我们总结了最近的发现,以证实将(p)ppGpp合成酶视为发现新型抗微生物药物以对抗持久性感染的潜在目标的合理性。此外,对结核分枝杆菌(p)ppGpp合成酶的抑制研究表明,这些抑制剂可防止休眠状态转变和生物膜形成。此外,我们已经强调了(p)ppGpp合成酶的结构生物学,它可能提供可用于基于结构的抑制剂设计的重要信息。从而确定Rel酶缺失的致病细菌菌株不能以持久性形式转化。在这篇综述中,我们总结了最近的发现,以证实将(p)ppGpp合成酶视为发现新型抗微生物药物以对抗持久性感染的潜在目标的合理性。此外,对结核分枝杆菌(p)ppGpp合成酶的抑制研究表明,这些抑制剂可防止休眠状态转变和生物膜形成。此外,我们已经强调了(p)ppGpp合成酶的结构生物学,它可能提供可用于基于结构的抑制剂设计的重要信息。从而确定Rel酶缺失的致病细菌菌株不能以持久性形式转化。在这篇综述中,我们总结了最近的发现,以证实将(p)ppGpp合成酶视为发现新型抗微生物药物以对抗持久性感染的潜在目标的合理性。此外,对结核分枝杆菌(p)ppGpp合成酶的抑制研究表明,这些抑制剂可防止休眠状态转变和生物膜形成。此外,我们已经强调了(p)ppGpp合成酶的结构生物学,它可能提供可用于基于结构的抑制剂设计的重要信息。我们总结了最近的发现,以证实将(p)ppGpp合成酶视为发现新型抗微生物药物以对抗持续感染的潜在目标的合理性。此外,对结核分枝杆菌(p)ppGpp合成酶的抑制研究表明,这些抑制剂可防止休眠状态转变和生物膜形成。此外,我们已经强调了(p)ppGpp合成酶的结构生物学,它可能提供可用于基于结构的抑制剂设计的重要信息。我们总结了最近的发现,以证实将(p)ppGpp合成酶视为发现新型抗微生物药物以对抗持续感染的潜在目标的合理性。此外,对结核分枝杆菌(p)ppGpp合成酶的抑制研究表明,这些抑制剂可防止休眠状态转变和生物膜形成。此外,我们已经强调了(p)ppGpp合成酶的结构生物学,它可能提供可用于基于结构的抑制剂设计的重要信息。
更新日期:2019-07-11
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