PHA, a family of natural biopolymers aiming to replace non-degradable plastics for short-term usages, has been developed to include various structures such as short-chain-length (scl) and medium-chain-length (mcl) monomers as well as their copolymers. However, PHA market has been grown slowly since 1980s due to limited variety with good mechanical properties and the high production cost. Here, we review most updated strategies or approaches including metabolic engineering, synthetic biology and morphology engineering on expanding PHA diversity, reducing production cost and enhancing PHA production. The extremophilic Halomonas spp. are taken as examples to show the feasibility and challenges to develop next generation industrial biotechnology (NGIB) for producing PHA more competitively.

PHA是旨在替代短期使用的不可降解塑料的天然生物聚合物家族，现已开发成包括各种结构，例如短链长度（scl）和中链长度（mcl）单体以及他们的共聚物。然而，由于品种有限，具有良好的机械性能和较高的生产成本，自1980年代以来，PHA市场增长缓慢。在这里，我们回顾了最新的策略或方法，包括代谢工程，合成生物学和形态工程，以扩大PHA的多样性，降低生产成本并提高PHA的产量。极端嗜盐单胞菌属。以实例为例，说明开发下一代工业生物技术（NGIB）来更具竞争力地生产PHA的可行性和挑战。