RNA damage induced by missing bases [e.g. by generation of apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites], or by modification of bases (e.g. by oxidative damage), can alter RNA function and is increasingly found to participate in carcinogenesis.¹ For instance, mRNA damaged by oxidation or AP-site formation can interfere with translational accuracy.¹ In the case of microRNAs (miRNAs), oxidation can alter their regulatory activity, thus modifying expression of target genes.² Consequently, degradation of damaged miRNAs in genotoxic environments can have significant repercussions in oncogenesis and for the development of chemoresistance in existing tumors.

中文翻译：

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核酸内切酶 APE1 处理 miR-92b 的形成，从而调节肿瘤抑制因子 LDLR 在宫颈癌细胞中的表达

由缺失碱基引起的 RNA 损伤[例如通过产生无嘌呤/无嘧啶 (AP) 位点]，或通过碱基修饰（例如通过氧化损伤）可以改变 RNA 功能，并且越来越多地被发现参与致癌作用。¹例如，因氧化或 AP 位点形成而受损的 mRNA 会干扰翻译准确性。¹对于 microRNA (miRNA)，氧化可以改变它们的调节活性，从而改变靶基因的表达。²因此，基因毒性环境中受损 miRNA 的降解可能对肿瘤发生和现有肿瘤中化学抗性的发展产生重大影响。