Optical control of neuronal ion channels and receptors.,Nature Reviews Neuroscience

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Optical control of neuronal ion channels and receptors.
Nature Reviews Neuroscience ( IF 28.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 , DOI: 10.1038/s41583-019-0197-2
Pierre Paoletti ₁ , Graham C R Ellis-Davies ₂ , Alexandre Mourot ₃

Affiliation

Light-controllable tools provide powerful means to manipulate and interrogate brain function with relatively low invasiveness and high spatiotemporal precision. Although optogenetic approaches permit neuronal excitation or inhibition at the network level, other technologies, such as optopharmacology (also known as photopharmacology) have emerged that provide molecular-level control by endowing light sensitivity to endogenous biomolecules. In this Review, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of photocontrolling native neuronal signalling pathways, focusing on ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors. We describe existing strategies for rendering receptors and channels light sensitive and provide an overview of the neuroscientific insights gained from such approaches. At the crossroads of chemistry, protein engineering and neuroscience, optopharmacology offers great potential for understanding the molecular basis of brain function and behaviour, with promises for future therapeutics.

中文翻译：

神经元离子通道和受体的光学控制。

光控工具提供了强大的手段来操纵和询问大脑功能，具有相对较低的侵入性和较高的时空精度。尽管光遗传学方法允许在网络水平上激发或抑制神经元，但已经出现了其他技术，例如光药理学（也称为光药理学），它们通过赋予内源性生物分子光敏性来提供分子水平的控制。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了光控制天然神经元信号通路的挑战和机遇，重点关注离子通道和神经递质受体。我们描述了使受体和通道对光敏感的现有策略，并概述了从这些方法中获得的神经科学见解。在化学、蛋白质工程和神经科学的十字路口，

更新日期：2019-11-18

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