Daylight vision begins when light activates cone photoreceptors in the retina, creating spatial patterns of neural activity. These cone signals are then combined and processed in downstream neural circuits, ultimately producing visual perception. Recent technical advances have made it possible to deliver visual stimuli to the retina that probe this processing by the visual system at its elementary resolution of individual cones. Physiological recordings from nonhuman primate retinas reveal the spatial organization of cone signals in retinal ganglion cells, including how signals from cones of different types are combined to support both spatial and color vision. Psychophysical experiments with human subjects characterize the visual sensations evoked by stimulating a single cone, including the perception of color. Future combined physiological and psychophysical experiments focusing on probing the elementary visual inputs are likely to clarify how neural processing generates our perception of the visual world.

中文翻译：

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以单锥体分辨率在灵长类动物视觉系统中探测计算。

当光线激活视网膜中的视锥细胞感光细胞，从而形成神经活动的空间模式时，便开始了日光视觉。然后将这些视锥细胞信号组合并在下游神经回路中进行处理，最终产生视觉感知。最近的技术进步使得可以向视网膜传递视觉刺激，从而通过视觉系统以单个视锥细胞的基本分辨率探测该过程。来自非人类灵长类动物视网膜的生理记录揭示了视网膜神经节细胞中视锥细胞信号的空间组织，包括来自不同类型视锥细胞的信号如何组合以支持空间视觉和色彩视觉。对人类受试者的心理物理实验表征了通过刺激单个视锥细胞（包括对颜色的感知）而引起的视觉感觉。